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10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution KEY CONCEPT There were theories of biological and geologic change before Darwin.
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10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution Early scientists proposed ideas about evolution. Evolution is the biological change process by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors. A species is a group of organisms that can reproduce and have fertile offspring.
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10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution There were many important naturalists in the 18th century. –Linnaeus: classification system from kingdom to species –He organized how we classify organisms –Buffon: species shared ancestors rather than arising separately –E. Darwin: more-complex forms developed from less- complex forms—studied idea of competition –Lamarck: environmental change leads to use or disuse of a structure …acquired characteristics (ex: big muscles)
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10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution Theories of geologic change set the stage for Darwin’s theory. There were three theories of geologic change. –Catastrophism- natural disasters caused species to become extinct like a volcano, tsunami – gradualism- slow, GRADUAL change over time
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10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution Uniformitarianism is the prevailing theory of geologic change.
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