2. Warm-up 16 What is silent bartering and how does it work? Why was trade important to the development of the Muslim empire?

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6. 100 200 300 400 500 Geography Religion Trade Achievements African Empires Random

7. What is another name for a desert spring? A 100

8. Oasis A 100

9. Define “nomadic” and “sedentary”? A 200

10. Nomadic – people who move from place to place. Sedentary – people who settle in one place. A 200

11. How did the physical location of the Islamic Empire influence its culture? A 300

12. It allowed the blending of different cultures through trade. A 300

13. Why is Arabia known as a crossroads location? A 400

14. It is near the intersection of three continents (Africa, Asia, and Europe) and trade routes pass through the region. A 400

15. Where did medieval West African empire develop? A 500

16. Early West African kingdoms developed in the Sahel (grasslands) near rivers. A 500

17. What are mosques? B 100

18. They are Muslim places of worship. B 100

19. What are the Qur’an and Sunnah? B 200

20. They are the two Muslim holy books. The Qur’an is a record of the revelations given to Muhammad by Gabriel. The Sunnah is a record of the hadith recorded by Muhammad’s followers. It outline basic rules for living. Together they are the basis for Islamic Law. B 200

21. Why was Mecca a popular destination before both before and after the birth of Islam? B 300

22. People visited Mecca to pray at shires of many gods before Islam was founded. After they went on their hajj to see the Kaaba. B 300

23. What is the main difference between Sunni and Shia Muslims? B 400

24. Shia believe the only decedents of Muhammad could be rightful rulers while Sunni accepted rulers who were not related to Muhammad. B 400

25. How did Muslims treat non- Muslims? How did this help their empire spread? B 500

26. Muslims were often tolerant of Christians letting them keep their religion as long as they paid additional taxes. This decreased the risk of rebellion as the empire spread. B 500

27. What effect did trade have on the growth of the Muslim Empire? C 100

28. It helped the empire spread by increasing contact between Arabia and the rest of the world. C 100

29. How did merchants help Islam to spread? C 200

30. By carrying their beliefs and sharing them with people in distant lands. C 200

31. How did the empires of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai rise to power? C 300

32. They all controlled the Salt for Gold trade at one time and made money off of it (often through taxes). C 300

33. What city was the center of trade and learning in West Africa? C 400

34. Timbuktu C 400

35. Why were Berbers willing to trade with the Songhai? C 500

36. They were both Muslim and therefore trusted each other more. C 500

37. What was the astrolabe used for? D 100

38. It was too to help find location on earth, make maps, and navigate at sea. D 100

39. How did Ar-Razi improve medicine? D 200

40. He studies small pox and measles, and taught people how to treat them. D 200

41. Name three or more Muslim contributions to math. D 300

42. Popularized the use of Arabic numerals. Names and popularized use of “zero.” Created algebra. D 300

43. Describe Córdoba and Bagdad. D 400

44. Both were important centers of Muslim trade and knowledge. D 400

45. Why were calligraphy, geometric design, and arabesque popular forms of Muslim art? D 500

46. They were popular because images of humans were not allowed in art (they were considered to be idols). D 500

47. What ruler made Mali famous and how? E 100

48. Mansa Musa made Mali famous though his hajj to Mecca. E 100

49. Why was silent barter useful? E 200

50. It allowed groups with different languages to trade and kept the location of gold mines a secret.

51. Why did the people of Songhai overthrough Sunni Baru? E 300

52. It allowed people to who didn’t speak the same language to trade, kept the location of gold mines secret, and prevented conflict. E 300

53. In what two ways did Askia the Great change government is Songhai? E 400

54. He created a permanent standing army and specialized government offices. E 400

55. What factors led to Shonghai’s fall? E 500

56. Moroccan troops looted and destroyed Songhai cities. Trade patterns changed. Europe and took much of West African gold. E 500

57. How did Arabians adapt to life in the desert? F 100

58. Traveling across the desert or settling near oases. F 100

59. What three things do Christianity, Jewish, and Islam have in common? F 200

60. 1)They believe in one God. 2)All have a holy book/s 3)Believe in some of the same prophets. F 200

61. What is the difference between the hegira and the hajj? F 300

62. The hegira was the journey of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina. The hajj is the pilgrimage or Muslims to Mecca. F 300

63. Which leader unifed Arabia into a Muslim state though battle? F 400

64. Abu Bakr F 400

65. What development allowed trading caravans to cross the Sahara more frequently. F 500

66. Camels F 500