1. Advanced Biomedical Imaging Dr. Azza Helal A. Prof. of Medical Physics Faculty of Medicine Alexandria University

2. To understand physical principles of imaging modalities. Aiming to apply these modalities in a safe and effective way. Intended learning outcomes of the course (ILOS)

3. A medical imaging that uses radioactive isotopes and depends on process of radioactive decay in diagnosis. By counting radioactivity & its distribution in the organ. So it is capable of detecting physiological function of organs. Gamma imaging & Tomography with Radionuclides

4. Gamma Camera Planar Imaging single projection view no image reconstruction is required

5. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Single Photon Emission Tomography ) SPECT) Tomography with Radionuclides

6. PET CT images show metastases to left supraclavicular lymph node a and to liver b

7. Comparison of different imaging modalities 1. Projection views 2. Ionizing radiation 3. Speed 4. Contrast resolution

8. 1. Projection views Limited visualization Plain x ray & Isotope scan Flexible imaging planes Cross-section views CT & MRI

9. Flexible imaging planes with MRI.

10. MRI angiography

11. 2. Ionizing radiation Plain x - ray, CT & isotope scan

12. 3. Speed US Fast Plain x ray CT MRI Isotope scan Slow

13. 4. Contrast Plain X Ray CT CT Physical and electron density US Transmitting & receiving high frequency sound wave Isotope scan Uptake of radioactive tracer MRI Transmitting & receiving radio- waves inside a high magnetic field (Water concentration & Magnetic properties)

14. Contrast resolution Plain x ray & CT reflect bone contrast MRI reflects soft tissue contrast

15. Assignments One student will be selected for assignment One student will be selected for assignment

16. Suggested Readings David Sutton’s Radiology David Sutton’s Radiology Physics for medical imaging by RF Fare & PJ Allisy-Roberts. Physics for medical imaging by RF Fare & PJ Allisy-Roberts.

17. Question Mention different components of x ray tube? Mention different components of x ray tube?