1. European Exploration: Cause and Effects

3. DO NOW: Pretend you are an explorer in the 1400’s
DO NOW: Pretend you are an explorer in the 1400’s. You are asked to explore a completely UNKNOWN island. You do not know what lives there, how to get there (exactly) or how long you will be there.
What will you do?
What rewards (besides jewels) might come from exploring the sea?
What risks might you entail by embarking on such an unknown journey?

4. Motivation: FOR GOLD, GOD, and GLORY!
GOLD! (WEALTH! )
New spices in Europe (introduced during the Crusades) demand for the spices.
Europeans wanted to cut out the middle man !
Europeans try to find new trade routes because they want new sources of wealth.

5. GOD! (Spread of Christianity)
The Crusades pushed Christians to feel it was their duty to spread their religion and convert people to Christianity ( and not to be Muslim)
Bartolomeu Dias – “ To serve God and His Majesty, to give light to those who were in darkness, and to grow rich as all men desire to do.”

6. GLORY ! BEING “The FIRST!” First to: Find an spice?
Find an area?
Create a trading port?
Control a COUNTRY!?

7. Goals in the New World Spain: Wealth (Conquistadors)
France: Wealth (Fur trade)
England: Colonization

8. Quick Review
What were the three major reasons for European exploration?
What was the goal of France and Spain?
What was the goal of England?

9. TECHNOLOGY HELPS The introduction of the Caravel made travel easier !
65 feet long = more space for food/ppl.
Able to explore
close to shore.
Larger sails for
easier movement
and power!

10. New Maritime Technologies Better Maps (Portolan)
Hartman Astrolabe (1532)
Mariner’s Compass
Sextant

11. Europeans search for an all-water passage to Asia to obtain these four major luxury goods:
Spices, Silk, Perfume, and Tapestries

12. Quick Review
Name two advances in technology that made exploration easier.
What were the four major luxury items people in Europe wanted from the far East?

13. Christopher Columbus Born in Genoa, Italy (1451)
Idea to get to far east by sailing west across the Atlantic Ocean
Spends 9 years trying to get backing for the voyage, finally receives funding from Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain

14. The Voyage
* 3 ships: Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria
* 90 men
* Left Palo, Spain, on August 3, 1492
* Landed in Carribean on October 12
* Thought he had made it to the Indies, named the island San Salvador

15. Quick Review
What new idea did Columbus have about sailing to the far East?
Who financed Columbus’ voyages?

16. Columbian Exchange
The transfer of plants, animals, beliefs, people, and diseases between the Americas and Europe, Asia, and Africa beginning with the voyages of Columbus

18. Effects of Exploration
Trade of goods, plants, animals, and people
Knowledge
Wealth
Spread of Christianity
Faster trade routes
Drastic decrease in Native American population

19. Triangular Trade
Trading network lasting from the 1600s to the 1800s that carried goods and enslaved people between Europe, the Americas, and Africa

21. Middle Passage
The voyages that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies

22. Quick Review What was the Columbian Exchange?
What was triangular trade?
What was the Middle Passage?