1. Web File System Meeting Presentation October 06

2. NTFS New Technology File System Muhammad Talha Ekram 2185

3. Introduction Replacement of FAT system Introduced in July 1993 Build as a part of Windows NT project Five versions have been developed

4. Organization of NTFS Volume Partition Boot Sector Master File Table System FilesFile Area Partition Boot Sector Contains the BIOS parameter block that stores information about the layout of the volume and the file system structures

5. Master File Table (MFT) It essentially contains metadata about every file and directory on an NTFS file system. File System Data Contains essential NTFS system files such as $Boot, $Logfile, $BadClus,etc. File Area Contains user and Operating System files and folders

6. NTFS boot process

7. NTFS boot process (cont.)

8. Master File Table

9. Features Alternate data streams (ADS) allows files to be associated with more than one data stream Encryption provides the core file encryption technology used to store encrypted files on NTFS volumes Disk Quotas You can use disk quotas to monitor and limit disk- space use.

10. Reparse Points A file or folder that contains a reparse point acquires additional behavior not present in the underlying file system e.g. additional file systems is mounted without requiring a separate drive letter Sparse files It allow programs to create very large files but consume disk space only as needed. It allocates disk space for regions that do not contain blocks of zero data Features

11. Distributed Link Tracking It provides a link-tracking service that maintains integrity of shortcuts to files and OLE links Hard links It is the reference to a duplicate files on the same volume POSIX Compliance Portable Operating System Interface standard, which is defined by the IEEE. Such as case sensitive naming, hard links, additional timestamps. Features

12. Volume Shadow Copy (VSC) VSC service keeps historical versions of files and folders on NTFS volumes File compression NTFS can compress files using a variant of the LZ77 algorithm (used in Zip compression) Single Instance Storage (SIS) Single instance storage allows identical files to be merged to one file and create references to that merged file Features

13. Limits Reserved File name $MFT, $MFTMirr, $LogFile, $Volume, $AttrDef,. (dot), $Extend, etc Maximum Volume Size: 256 TB Max file size: 16 TB Max number of files: 4,294,967,295

14. Comparison with FAT B+ trees for fast indexing Access Control List Multiple User Data Streams Designed to quickly perform standard file operations such as read, write, search and file system recovery

15. FAT FAT32 (vFAT)NTFS Systems DOS, Windows9x, all NTs Windows98, NT5NT4, NT5 Maximal volume size2 G Bytes near by unlimited Maximal files count around 65000 near by unlimited File name Long names (up to 255 chars), system character set. Long names (up to 255 chars), Unicode character set. File attributesBasic set All that programmers want

16. FAT FAT32 (vFAT)NTFS SecurityNo yes (capability of physical encryption, starting from NT5.0) CompressionNo Yes Fault toleranceMiddlelowfully (automatic) EconomyMinimal improved (small clusters)maximal Performance high for small files count as for FAT, but also additional penalty for big volumes very effective for all volumes