2. 1 Preparing for the Science Gateway

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4. Using Concept Maps for Prewriting Constructing a concept map of the topic can serve as a prewriting strategy and a learning/comprehension strategy: Provides a grouping and sequencing basis for the writer’s overall plan. Reveals the links between the writer’s major ideas. Provides additional cues to the writer’s prior knowledge. Can be used as a review guide in each area of focus released for Gateway. 3

5. 4 Concept Maps Show Connections Explicitly with Verbs

6. Prewriting - Revisit the prompt & organize ideas from documents. 5 Write an essay that explains the changes involved in the cycling of matter.  Describe a food web in detail, including at least three food chains.  State the law of conservation of matter and energy and explain how this law applies to photosynthesis and cellular respiration.  Describe how carbon is cycled between living organisms and their environment. CONCEPT MAP 1 food web 3. Carbon cycle = outside circle 2. Photosynthesis & cellular respir.

7. Outlining for Prewriting II. EXPLAIN: Food Web Cycling of matter Forest – Producers - grass, shrubs (doc A) Consumers – deer, herbivores obtain energy from plants Secondary Consumers – hawks, hunters, lions, wolves eat deer and other rodents to obtain energy; can not supply own energy Consumers – pass away, decompose into soil -provide nutrients to soil, i.e. bacteria, fungi -soil used to grow producers - DOC A – food chain complete 6

8. Outlining for Prewriting from the documents 7 II.EXPLAIN/DESCRIBE: Carbon atmosphere soil Carbon cycle -- carbon in the soil fossilizes Nonrenewable resources for civilization Fuel is burned --- energy released --- carbon back to atmosphere Carbon returns to atmosphere through plants/consumers --Byproduct of respiration (Docs B & C)

9. State : Law of conservation of matter and energy = matter and energy can neither be created or destroyed Explain how this law applies to photosynthesis /energy cycle carbon dioxide cycles to produce oxygen Doc C formula cellular respiration/ consumers & producers convert energy into usable forms Formula Doc C 8

10. What have you done with the documents now? 9 I.Introduction II.Food Web / Food Chain Document A III.Carbon Cycle Documents B and C IV.Law of conservation of matter and energy Document C