1. Early River Valley Civilizations
WHI: SOL 3a-e Egypt
Early River Valley Civilizations

2. On your map identify: Egypt Israelites Tigris River Mesopotamia
Euphrates River
Nile River
Red Sea
Persian Gulf
Arabian Sea
Mediterranean Sea
Black Sea
Caspian Sea
Sahara Desert
Arabian Desert
Fertile Crescent
Egypt
Israelites
Mesopotamia
Sumer
Phoenicians
Nubia (Kush)

4. Egypt (Social) Pharaoh, Royal family Aristocrats (nobles)
Vizier- Chief minister, supervised the gov’t.
Merchants, artisans, soldiers, scribes
Peasants
Slaves (Prisoners of war, debtors- people who owe money, and criminals)

6. Egypt (Political)
Pharaoh-king, thought to be one of the gods, but also humans
Hereditary rule- power passes from father to son, remains within family
Pharaoh had control of the entire Egyptian kingdom (upper and lower Egypt)
Hatshepsut
Thutmose III
Ramses II
Bureaucracy-a system of gov’t. that includes departments and levels of authority

8. Egypt (Economic)
Farming
Trading
Conquering (New Kingdom)

9. Egypt (Religious) Polytheistic Afterlife Pharaoh as a god
Mummification- preservation of dead bodies for burial

10. Egypt (Achievements) Built the pyramids, Sphinx, etc.
Hieroglyphics- sys tem of writing based on pictograms (pictures for ideas or words)
Rosetta Stone
Mummification
Advanced society
Math and astronomy
Medicine

11. Nubia 2700 b.c. Nubia, also known as Kush, flourished south of Egypt
Traded with Egypt
Competition for control of trade led to invasions on conquering of one another
Exchange of culture
Meroe- capital city, center of trade
Traded ivory, gold, animal skins, perfume, iron, along the east-west Saharan trade routes
Alphabet has not been deciphered