1. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Chemistry 101 Inorganic Chapter 1

2. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Why Study Chemistry? Need Value INFORMATION Chemistry is everything –Computer chipsComputer chips

3. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Industry Peanuts Polymers Soap Food Cars Makeup

4. © 2003 Mark S. Davis States of Matter SolidLiquid

5. © 2003 Mark S. Davis States of matter GasPlasma

6. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Classifying substances Mixtures Solution Compound Gatorade Caesar salad Water Coffee An iron nail Air milk

7. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Methods of separation Filtration Sublimation Evaporation Distillation Chromatography decantation

8. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Measurement LengthMeter (m) MassKilogram (kg) TemperatureKelvin (k) TimeSecond (s) Amount of substanceMole (mol) Electric currentAmpere (amp) Luminous intensityCandela (cd) SI system (metric)

9. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Non SI units Volume ------------- Energy -------------

10. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Metric Units See table 1.4 p 11 You should know:

11. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Conversions Method 1: ladder Method 2: ratios Method 3: unit conversion (1.7)

12. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Significant Figures Exact numbers Uncertainty in measurements –Inherent error in equipment –I.e. A balance can be off by ± 0.01 g Numbers are reported in significant digits

13. © 2003 Mark S. Davis What numbers are significant? Rules –All non zeroes are significant –Zeroes between nonzeroes are significant –Zero before is not –Zero after is –Zero after with no decimal point is not

14. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Scientific Notation Use number x 10 n –4.5 x 10 2 = 450 Calculators –EE, E, EXP Express in scientific notation

15. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Calculations with Significant Figures Add/subtract – Line up decimal, round to the last full column to the right Multiply/divide – express answer in same number of digits as smallest value in problem Only round after problem is complete

16. © 2003 Mark S. Davis A little vocab… Define –Mass (g) –Volume (mL) –Density (g/mL)

17. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Density and Whales Box p. 24

18. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Temperature Scale of ‘hotness’ Amount of heat (energy, molecular movement) in something Scales

19. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Conversions o C to o F o C to K

20. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Calorimetry Measurement of heat (amount of energy in something) Food and bomb calorimeter

21. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Specific Heat Amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 o C See table 1.6 p. 30 Measured in Joules/(1 g *1 o C)

22. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Equation Q = m x C p x  T Where

23. © 2003 Mark S. Davis Calculations of Specific Heat