1. CONTENT  Introduction Introduction  Operating System (OS) Operating System (OS) Operating System (OS)  Summary Summary  Application Software Application Software Application Software  Utility Program Utility Program Utility Program  Proprietary and Open Source Software Proprietary and Open Source Software Proprietary and Open Source Software  Summary Summary

2. Introduction

3.  Do you know what types of this pictures are? This lesson will be a walkthrough on Software which basically divided into 2 categories : Operating SystemApplication Software

4. Operating System (OS)  Is a set of programs that schedule tasks, allocates storage and presents a default interface to the user between applications.  The functions of OS: 1.Starting a computer 2.Providing a user interface. 3.Managing data and programs. 4.Managing memory. 5.Configuring Devices.  Many of the OS were device-dependent and proprietary.

5. Various Types of OS in Different Platform 1. PC Platform uses OS: a) Disk OS (DOS) - Used a command line interface when Microsoft 1 st develop. - Used a command line interface when Microsoft 1 st develop. - It’s a closed source software. - It’s a closed source software. b) Microsoft Windows XP - It’s operating environment is Graphical User Interface (GUI). - It’s operating environment is Graphical User Interface (GUI). - It’s a closed source software. - It’s a closed source software. 2. Apple Platform uses OS: a) Mac OS - It’s a 1 st commercial successful GUI. - It’s a 1 st commercial successful GUI. - Used in home desktop and workstations. - Used in home desktop and workstations.

6. b) Mac OS X - It’s a multitasking OS. - It’s a multitasking OS. - Used in home desktops, workstations and servers. - Used in home desktops, workstations and servers. - Better security protection compared to Mac OS. - Better security protection compared to Mac OS. 3. Cross-Platform uses OS: a) UNIX - Multitasking OS. - Multitasking OS. - Offer command line interface and GUI. - Offer command line interface and GUI. b) LINUX - Is a popular, free and UNIX-like GUI. - Is a popular, free and UNIX-like GUI. - Open source software. - Open source software.

7. Different Interface of OS  User Interface is the part of an OS that you see and interact with and by which users and programs communicates with each other.  Importance of user interfaces are: 1.To assist users interacting with a software. 2.To control how a user enters data and instructions. 3.To control how information is displayed.  3 types of user interfaces are: 1.Command-line Interface 2.Menu-driven Interface 3.GUI

8. 1. Command-line Interface - Requires user to type commands to enter data and instructions that instruct the OS what to do. instructions that instruct the OS what to do. - Difficult to use because it requires exact spelling, syntax and a set of rules. and a set of rules. - Advantage : Help user to operate computer quickly after memorizing the keywords and syntax. after memorizing the keywords and syntax. 2. Menu-driven Interface - Enable user to avoid memorizing keywords such as copy, paste and syntax. copy, paste and syntax. - On screen, it shows the options available at a given point in a form of text-based menu. point in a form of text-based menu. - Easy to learn.

9. 3. GUI - Makes use of computer’s graphics capabilities to make the OS and programs easier to use (user-friendly). the OS and programs easier to use (user-friendly). - Used to create the desktop that makes user easily differentiate between interface. differentiate between interface. - Interact with menus and visual images such as buttons, icons, and other graphical objects to issue commands. icons, and other graphical objects to issue commands.

10. Summary  OS is a set of programs presents a default interface to the user between applications.  The functions of OS is starting a computer, providing a user interface, managing data and programs, managing memory and configuring Devices.  Various types of OS that uses different platform: a) PC Platform - Disk OS (DOS) and Microsoft Windows XP b) Apple Platform - Mac OS and Mac OS X c) Cross-Platform - UNIX and LINUX  User Interface is the part of an OS that you see and interact with.  3 types of user interfaces are, Command-line Interface, Menu-driven Interface and GUI.

11. Types of Application Software 1. Word Processing – An office application that enable user to create, edit, format and print textual documents (Exp: MS Word). 2. Spreadsheet – A program that processes information in ` the form of tables. Table cells can hold values and mathematical formulas (Exp: MS Excel). 3. Presentation – Allow user to create visual AIDS or presentation to communicate ideas, messages and other information to a group (MS PowerPoint). 4. Graphics – Program that edit digital representation or non-text information such as drawings, charts or photographs (Windows Movie Maker). The program that is designed to assist users with personal tasks is called an application software.

12. Utility Program  Perform maintenance-type tasks related to the managing of a computer, its devices and programs.  Enhance existing functions or provide services not supplied by other software programs.  Most computer come with built-in utilities Types of Utility Program 1. File Manager - Software used to manage files on a disk. - Provide functions of delete, copy, moves and view the file as well as create and manage folders, formatting file as well as create and manage folders, formatting and identify the capacity of the storage medium. and identify the capacity of the storage medium.

13. 2. Diagnostic Utility - Compiles technical information about a computer’s hardware and prepares a report outlining any identified hardware and prepares a report outlining any identified problems. problems. - Example : User guide (Help Menu) 3. File Compression Utility - Removes redundant elements, gaps and unnecessary data from a computer’s storage capacity. data from a computer’s storage capacity. - Also called zipped files. - A compressed file must be unzipped to its original form before being used. before being used. - Example : WinZip

14. Proprietary and Open Source Software 1. Proprietary Software - Also called closed source software. - Offers a stable system with support if the software fails or malfunctions. or malfunctions. - Example:MS-DOS, Mac OS and UNIX. 2. Open Source Software - Provide for use, modifications and redistributions. - Can download from internet for free and make improvement by the user. improvement by the user. - Example:LINUX

15. Differentiate Between Proprietary and Open Source Software Proprietary Software (Windows XP) Open Source Software (LINUX) Advantage  Runs on a wide range of Hardware Hardware  Has largest market share  Has many built-in utilities Advantage  Runs on a wide range of Hardware Hardware  Has a largest number of a user interface types interface types  Can be used as server desktop PC OS PC OS Disadvantage  Security problems  Not sufficient as a server OS  Have to reboot every time a network configuration changed. network configuration changed.Disadvantage  Limited support for games.  Limited commercial applications available available  Can be difficult to learn

16. Summary  There are 4 types of Application Software : 1. Word Processing 2. Spreadsheet 3. Presentation 4. Graphics  Utility Program perform maintenance-type tasks related to the managing of a computer, its devices and programs.  3 types of Utility Program are : 1. File Manager 2. Diagnostic Utility 3. File Compression Utility