1. Science Terms TAKS Objective 2

2. Process by which molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration def: Diffusion

3. The movement of water across the plasma membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. def: Osmosis

4. State of being balanced, example maintaining body temperature or water balance in an organism. def: Homeostasis

5. Ability to let things pass through, this is the cell membranes function. def: Permeability

6. Protects and lines cell lets things pass in and out of the cell def: Cell membrane

7. Chlorophyll containing organelle found in green plants and some protests def: Chloroplasts

8. Membranes forming a type of transport system def: Endoplasmic reticulum

9. Eukaryotic organelle in which food molecules are broken down to produce energy def: Mitochondrion

10. Organelle involved in protein synthesis def: Ribosome

11. Gene form for each variation of a trait of an organism def: Allele

12. Molecule coding organism’s information code, consists of a sugar, phosphate and a nitrogen base def: DNA

13. Single Stranded molecule that forms a copy of DNA for use in protein synthesis def: RNA

14. A part of cell division in which the nucleus divides, the end result is 2 identical daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell def: Mitosis

15. Process by which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half, used by organisms to produce gametes def: Meiosis

16. Error or change in the DNA sequence Change in nitrogen bases def: Mutation

17. Way to find expected proportions of genotypes of offspring of a cross def: Punnet Square

18. Branch of biology dealing with grouping an naming organisms def: Taxonomy

19. Broadest level of classification def: Kingdom

20. Multi-cellular consumers that eat other organisms for food def: Animals

21. Group of prokaryotes that produce their food in unusual ways. Usually live in extreme environments def: Archaebacteria

22. Prokaryotes living under normal conditions def: Eubacteria

23. Heterotrophic eukaryotic consumers that absorb nutrients from decomposing wastes and dead organisms def: Fungi

24. Stationary multicellular eukarotes that photosynthesize def: Plants

25. Single celled eukaryotes def: Protists

26. Single celled organisms lacking membrane bound organelles def: Prokaryotes

27. Organism composed of cells with organelles. May be unicellular or multicellular def: Eukaryotes

28. Includes heart, blood vessels and blood, transports nutrients and wastes within the body def: Circulatory system

29. Receives and breaks down food and absorbs nutrients def: Digestive system

30. Controls metabolic activities of the body def: Endocrine system

31. Filters the blood, collects and excretes wastes def: Excretory system

32. Protects the body from infections def: Immune system

33. Skin and its associated structures def: Integumentary system

34. Provides for movement of the body def: Muscular system

35. Supports body def: Skeletal system

36. Provides sensory function def: Nervous system

37. Involved in the production of gametes def: Reproductive system

38. Provides area for gas exchange in the organism def: Respiratory system

39. A group of cells working together def: Tissue

40. A group of tissues working together def: Organ

41. A group of organs working together to maintain homeostasis def: Organ system