1. بسم الله الرحمن الرحیم

2. Center for Nursing Care Research Iran University of Medical Sciences
Teamwork Challenges
Dr Fatemeh Oskouie
Center for Nursing Care Research
Iran University of Medical Sciences

3. Importance of the Teamwork in Health Care System
Patient outcomes are highly dependent on safe, collaborative, patient-centred team practices.
Patients are at risk especially during transition points in their care (shift changes, transfers between levels of care, etc.)
Patients are at risk due to communication gaps or multiple entries causing confusion.
Many patient/family complaints are due to ineffective communication.

4. Outcome of the Teamwork in Health Care System
Improve the quality of patient care
Enhance patient safety
Reduce workload issues that cause burnout among healthcare professionals
Promote cross-professional collaboration
Promote the development of common goals
Reduce costs
Improve staff and patient satisfaction

5. Patients /Families in Team Members
Have important role in decision-making
Should participate effectively
Need to learn about:
how to participate in the team
how to obtain information about their condition
how each healthcare professional will contribute to their care

6. Make-up and functioning of the team
Depends on the needs of the patient:
The complexity of the health issue
The more interdependency needed to serve the patient, the greater the need for collaboration among team members.

7. Characteristics of strong, high performing interdisciplinary teams
View their work as serving patients’ needs.
Assist patients to engage in decision-making and appropriately direct their own care.
Commit to shared objectives, clear roles and responsibilities, and interdependent decision-making.
Ensure continuity of care, by effectively communicating major patient information across teams /across organizations.
(Adapted from CPSI Safety Competencies Framework, 2009)

8. Successful teams
Recognize the professional and personal contributions of all members;
Promote individual development and team interdependence;
Recognize the benefits of working together; and
See accountability as a collective responsibility

9. Effective Teamwork Teams work most effectively when they have:
Clear purpose
Good communication
Co-ordination
Protocols and procedures
Effective mechanisms to resolve conflict
Active participation of all members

10. Effective communication
Key elements:
Skill and insight
Respect for the knowledge patients and providers bring to health care.
Founded on:
Trust, caring and respect both within teams and between the healthcare team and patients.
Disrespectful communication is destructive to:
everyone, whether you receive it or witness it.

11. Factors influence teams function
Setting
Organizational culture
The superior policy context

12. 1- Setting Teamwork processes transferability
Need for a common definition of “team.”
Hospitals have clearly defined protocols and procedures, professional hierarchies, and shared institutional goals,
Community-based primary care practices face challenges related to the role- blurring in community settings.

13. 2- Organizational culture.
Organizational philosophy on the importance of teamwork
encouraging new ways of working together
the development of common goals
mechanisms to overcome resistance to change and turf wars about scopes of practice.
Training:
learn how to work together
understand the professional role/responsibility of each member.
Effective administrative structure and leaders

14. 3- The superior policy context
Providing consistent government policies and approaches
Health human resource planning
Effective utilization of health resources with a focus on the determinants of health
legislative frameworks to break down silos
Models of funding/remuneration that encourage collaboration

15. Teamwork Challenges: conclusion
Superior policy context: Leadership for implementing teamwork at all levels
-Human resource management
- Funding
- Educational institutions
- Accreditation systems
Organization:
Philosophy, strategies, common definition and actions plans for teamwork
Setting: Community vs Hospital
Providers ‘ Scope and Task:
Personnel respond to their on needs rather than the population

16. References:
Canadian Patient safety Institute, Canadian Framework for Teamwork and Communication s. 2010
Canadian Health services research foundation, Teamwork in Healthcare: Promoting Effective Teamwork in Healthcare, 2006

17. Thank you