1. INVERTEBRATES

2. PARAZOA RADIATA BILATERIA BILATERIA Phylum Porifera Sponges
Phylum Cnidaria
Sea Anemone, Jellies
Filter/ Suspension Feeders (pump water)
Color - symbiotic algae
Sac with a central digestive compartment
Sessile
Porous Bodies
Sessile polyp and the floating medusa
Stinging capsules
Regeneration
Hermaphrodites
Tentacles (capture prey)
Muscles and nerves (simple)
No brain
Noncentralized nerve net
BILATERIA
Acoelemates
Phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms)
Tapeworm, Flukes
BILATERIA
Pseudocoelemates
Phylum Rotifera
Jaws
Crowns of cilia
Complete digestive tract
Mouth and anus
Free-living forms
Some parasites (tapeworm/fluke)
Mesoderm (triploblastic)
True muscle tissue
Some Parthenogenesis (all females)
Lack a digestive tract
Flattened dorsoventrally
Some degenerate males (sperm donors)
Head (cephalized)
Pair of eyespots
Lack organs specialized for
gas exchange and circulation
Smell
Osmoregulatory (pharynx opening)
Learn to modify their
responses to stimuli
Hermaphrodites, copulating

3. ??
Central Digestive Compartment
Simple “Muscle and Nerve”
True Muscle Tissue
Nerve Cord/ Ganglia
Cephalization
Complete Digestive Tract

4. PSEUDOCEOLOMATES Phylum Nematoda (round worms) Pinworm, hookworm
Nonsegmented pseudocoelomates
Tough cuticle covering (exoskeleton)
Molting, or ecdysis
Complete digestive tract
No circulatory system
Separate sexes
Internal fertilization
YouTube - Roundworm inside cat's intestine
YouTube - Parasites Eating Us Alive - Part 2
YouTube - Parasite Monsters Inside Me - Part 1
YouTube - Monsters Inside Me: Toddler Under Attack
YouTube - Monsters Inside Me- Pork Tapeworm
YouTube - Removing Intestinal Worms and Parasites from a 3 Year Old

5. PROTOSTOMIA Phylum Mollusca
Snails and slugs (land), oysters, clams, octopuses and squids
Most have hard shell made of calcium carbonate
Muscular foot
Visceral mass
Mantle
Gills
Radula to scrape up food
Open circulatory system
Dorsal heart
Circulatory fluid (hemolymph)
Arteries
Nerve cords
Excretory organs
(nephridia)
Most separate
sexes, with
gonads (ovaries
or testes)

6. closed circulatory system
Class:
Cephalopoda
complex brain
closed circulatory system
YouTube - Wow! Giant octopus - extreme animals - BBC wildlife
YouTube - Cuttlefish: Chameleons of the Sea

7. PROTOSTOMIA Phylum Annelida (segmented worms) Coelom Segmentation
Earthworm, leaches
Digestive system with
specialized regions
Closed circulatory system
Blood pumping vessels
Brainlike pair of cerebral
ganglia
Pair of nerve cords
Hermaphrodites, but they
cross-fertilize
Regeneration (asexual)

8. PROTOSTOMIA Phylum: Arthropoda Segmented coelomates
Exoskeletons (cuticle/chiton)
Jointed appendages
Two out of every three organisms known are arthropods
Nearly all habitats
Well-developed sensory organs (sight, smell, touch)
Molting (ecdysis)
Cephalization is extensive
modified for walking, feeding, sensory reception,
copulation, and defense
Open circulatory systems (hemolymph)
Heart (arteries and spaces called sinuses)
Specialized gas exchange (gills/ trachea)
Antenna surface

11. Eyelash

12. DEUTEROSTOMIA DEUTEROSTOMIA Phylum Echinodermata Phylum Chordata
Sea Stars, Sea Urchins, Sand Dollars
Two subphyla of invertebrate animals plus the
subphylum Vertebrata, the animals with backbones
Water vascular system and secondary
Radial anatomy
Regeneration
Sessile or slow-moving animals
Endoskeleton
Water vascular system
Tube feet
Metamorphosis from bilateral larvae

13. ??
Central Digestive Compartment
Simple “Muscle and Nerve”
Segmentation
Digestive system with
specialized regions
Closed Circulatory System
True Muscle Tissue
Nerve Cord/ Ganglia
Cephalization
Complete Digestive Tract
Jointed appendages
Specialized gas exchange
Well-developed sensory organs
Cephalization is extensive
Exoskeleton
Internal Fertilization
Endoskeleton
Open circulatory system
Dorsal heart
Circulatory fluid (hemolymph)
Arteries
Excretory Organs
Gonads
Cephalopods
Complex Brains
Closed Circulatory System

14. Summary the animal phyla we have discussed in this chapter.
Choanocytes (collar cells--unique flagellated cells that ingest bacteria and tiny food
particles); cells tend to be totipotent (retain zygote’s potential to form the whole animal)
Unique stinging structures (cnidae), each housed in a specialized cell (cnidocyte);
gastrovascular cavity (incomplete digestive tract with a mouth but no anus)
Colloblasts (adhesive structures) for prey capture; eight rows of comblike ciliary plates;
gastrovascular cavity
Dorsoventrally flattened, unsegmented acoelomates; gastrovascular cavity or no
disgestive tract
Pseudocoelomates with complete digestive tracts; jaws in pharynx structures (trophi);
head with a cilated crown (corona); no circulatory system
Coelomates with lophophore (feeding structure bearing cilated tentacles)
Unique anterior proboscis surrounded by fluid-filled cavity (rhynchocoel); complete
digestive tract (mouth and anus); circulatory system with closed vessels
Coelomates with three main body parts (muscular foot, visceral mass, mantle); coelom
reduced; main body cavity is a hemocoel
Coelomates with body wall and internal organs (except digestive tract) segmented
Cylindrical, unsegmented pseudocoelomates with tapered ends; no circulatory system
Coelomates with segmented body, jointed appendages, exoskeleton from ectoderm
Coelomates with secondary radial anatomy (larvae bilateral; adults radial); unique water
vascular system; endoskeleton
Coelomates with notochord; dorsal hollow nerve cord; pharyngeal slits; muscular
postanal tail