2. Longitude and Latitude Dividing the Globe

3. The Earth zThe earth is a SPHERE. zThe earth’s diameter at the equator is 12 757 Km. zThe globe can be divided into hemispheres. zA hemisphere is one half of a sphere.

4. The Hemispheres Eastern Hemisphere Western Hemisphere Northern Hemisphere Southern Hemisphere

5. Degrees of the Globe zAny circle can be divided into a equal number of distances known as degrees. zA circle has 360 of these degrees. zThus a hemisphere has 180 degrees. zThe EQUATOR is an imaginary line that divides the globe into the NORTHERN and SOUTHERN hemisphere.

6. Lines of Latitude zThe lines that go across the globe are called parallels or lines of latitude. zParallels are numbered from 0 o (the equator) to 90 o (the north or south pole). zEach parallel or line of latitude, except the equator, is followed by N or S to show what hemisphere it is in.

7. Lines of Latitude Equator 0 o Tropic of Cancer 23.5 o N Arctic Circle 66.5 o N Tropic of Capricorn 23.5 o S Antarctic Circle 66.5 o S

8. Lines of Longitude zThe lines that run down the globe are called meridians. They run from the north pole to the south pole. zUnlike the parallels of latitude, meridians are not parallel. They meet at two points- the south pole and north pole. zThe meridian that passes through Greenwich, England is 0 o and is called the Prime Meridian

9. Lines of Latitude Prime Meridian 0 o

10. Review Time ! zParallel lines that run from east to west are lines of latitude. zLines that run from the north pole to the south pole, which are not parallel, are called meridians or lines of latitude. zThe equator is the line of latitude at 0 o. zThe prime meridian is the line of longitude at 0 o.