1. Chapter 15

2.  Complementary Needs Theory: people are attracted to partners who have different personality traits, values, attitudes than their own (Murstein, 1976; Winch, 1954)  Attraction Similarity Theory: people are attracted to partners who have similar personality traits, values, attitudes, to their own.

3.  Which traits do people prefer in a partner?  Do people prefer partners with similar (matching) or different (complementarity) traits?  Do people marry or date their ideal partners?  Do people marry partners with similar (matching) or different (complementarity)traits?

4. Evaluate the following factors in choosing a mate or marriage partner. 3 points: indispensable (necessary) 2 points: important, but not indispensable 1 point: desirable, but not very important 0 points: irrelevant or unimportant Evaluate the following factors in choosing a mate or marriage partner. 3 points: indispensable (necessary) 2 points: important, but not indispensable 1 point: desirable, but not very important 0 points: irrelevant or unimportant 1. Good cook and housekeeper 10. Desire for home and children 2. Pleasing disposition11. Favorable social status 3. Sociability12. Good looks 4. Similar educational background 13. Similar religious background 5. Refinement, neatness14. Ambition and industriousness 6. Good financial prospect15. Similar political background 7. Chastity16. Mutual attraction or love 8. Dependable character17. Good health 9. Emotional stability18. Education and intelligence (Buss et al., 1990)

5. Ratings by MalesRatings by Females Ranked Value Variable NameMeanVariable NameMean 1 Mutual attraction/love2.81Mutual attraction/love2.87 2 Dependable character2.50Dependable character2.69 3 Emotional stability/maturity 2.47 Emotional stability/maturity 2.68 4 Pleasing disposition2.44Pleasing disposition2.52 5 Good health2.31Education/intelligence2.45 6 Education/intelligence2.27Sociability2.30 7 Sociability2.15Good health2.28 8 Desire for home/children2.09Desire for home/children2.21 9 Refinement/neatness2.03Ambition/industriousness2.15 10 Good looks1.91Refinement/neatness1.98 11 Ambition/industriousnes s 1.85Similar education1.84

6.  SELF-REPORTS  IDEAL PARTNER REPORT  OBSERVER REPORTS OF ROMANTIC PARTNER  EXPERIMENTER INTERVIEWS  AGGREGATE OF OBESERVOR & INTERVIEW REPORTS (Botwin et al., 1997; Watson et al., 2004)

7. Partner A  Self-Report on Big Five  Ideal Partner Report:  Reported Big 5 dimensions desired in ideal mate  Partner Report:  Evaluated Partner B’s Big 5  Experimenter Interviews:  Exp. Evaluated Big 5 of Partner A Aggregate Observer Scores:  Averaged Partner B’s Partner Report with Partner A’s Exp. Interviews Partner B  Self-Report on Big Five  Ideal Partner Report:  Reported Big 5 dimensions desired in ideal mate  Partner Report:  Evaluated Partner A’s Big 5  Experimenter Interviews:  Exp. Evaluated Big 5 of Partner B Aggregate Observer Scores:  Averaged Partner A’s Partner Report with Partner B’s Exp. Interviews

8. Married Couples Self-Reported Traits MenWomen Traits Desired in Partner Trait SelfAgg.SelfAgg. E.20*.15.30**.25** A.30**.12.44***.31** C.53***.49***.61***.53*** ES.27**.21*.32***.27** OE.24*.31***.48***.52*** Note. Agg=Aggregate. *p<.05, **p<.01, ***p<.001 (p. 458, Botwin, Buss, & Shackelford, 1997)

9. Married Couples Traits Preferred in Ideal Partner Men’s PreferencesWomen’s Preferences Actual Personality of Partner Traits SelfAgg.SelfAgg. E.39***.49***.31***.32** A.20*.40***.03.25 C.36***.46***.13.24 ES.27**.37**.07.12 OE.24**.39***.14.39*** Note. Agg=Aggregate. *p<.05, **p<.01, ***p<.001 (p. 459, Botwin, Buss, & Shackelford, 1997)

10. © 2015 M. Guthrie Yarwood 10

11.  Correlation btwn husband and wives’ self- report personality traits  Correlation btwn husband and wives’ observer (spousal) reports of personality traits  r =.00 -.25 (Humbad, Donnellan, Iacono, McGue, & Burt, 2010; McCrae et al., 2008)

12.  Correlation between Partner A self-reported personality and Partner A marital satisfaction  Emotional Stability and Agreeableness: r =.30s to.40s  Correlation between Partner A self-reported personality traits and Partner B satisfaction  Partner A’s A, C, ES, OE positively correlated with Partner B’s marital satisfaction (Botwin et al., 1997; Watson et al., 2004)

13.  Personality Similarity = |partner A Self- report – Partner B Self-report|  Correlation b/w Partner A marital satisfaction and Personality Similarity  No Relationship! (Botwin et al., 1997; Watson et al., 2004)

14.  We prefer partners who match us on E, A, C and OE  For the most part, our actual partner’s personalities match our preferred partner personalities.  But, relationship partners do not have the same personality traits as each other

15.  Being similar to or different from your partner does not increase/decrease your happiness in the relationship  The individual characteristics of each partner DO IMPACT the happiness in the relationship

16.  Violation of Desire Theory: people married (or in relationship with) partners who lack desired characteristics will more frequently dissolve marriage/relationship.

17. Traditional/Passionate Love Love at first sight Eros Game-playing love Ludus Friendship love Storge Compatibility with partner Storge + Ludus Pragma Completely obsessed with partner Eros + Ludus Mania Selfless love Eros + Storge Agape (Hendrick & Hendrick, 1986)

18. Column 1  Name the love style! Column 2 Name the corresponding Big Five trait!

19. EXTRA CREDIT: NAME THAT LOVE STYLE! Clip Number 1 Clip Number 2 Clip Number 3 Clip Number 4: Stop Early! Clip Number 5 Clip Number 6: Stop at 53

20. LOVE STYLESBIG FIVE AND OTHER CONSTRUCTS  EROS  LUDUS  STORGE  PRAGMA  MANIA  AGAPE  OPENNESS TO EXP.  CONSCIENTIOUSNESS  EXTRAVERSION  AGREEABLENESS  NEUROTICISM  SELF-ESTEEM  RELATIONSHIP SATISFACTION

21. Positively correlated with self-esteem, A, C, and E Negatively correlated with N Eros Positively Correlated with N Negatively Correlated with A and C Ludus Negatively Correlated with N Positively Correlated with E and C Storge Negatively Correlated with OE Positively Correlated with C Pragma Positively Correlated with N Mania None Agape (White, Hendrick & Hendrick, 2004)

22.  Ludus love style, (r =.35)  Pragmatic Love Style, (r =.18)  Psychopathy strongest predictor of Ludus, (r=.41)  Machiavellianism (r =.23) and Narcissism (r =.16) strongest predictors of Pragma (Jonason & Kavanagh, 2010)

23. Adoption of Ludic Love Style Adoption of Ludic Love Style Gender (1 = Male; 2 = Female) Gender (1 = Male; 2 = Female) Dark Triad Traits -.14* -.20* (-.27*).31* (Jonason & Kavanagh, 2010)

24. -.20* (-.27*) #41#39 #40 -.14*.31* (Jonason & Kavanagh, 2010)