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Erice, 17.09.08 Production of fragments with finite strangeness in reactions wihtin a GiBUU+SMM combined approach Th. Gaitanos, H. Lenske, U. Mosel Many.

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Presentation on theme: "Erice, 17.09.08 Production of fragments with finite strangeness in reactions wihtin a GiBUU+SMM combined approach Th. Gaitanos, H. Lenske, U. Mosel Many."— Presentation transcript:

1 Erice, 17.09.08 Production of fragments with finite strangeness in reactions wihtin a GiBUU+SMM combined approach Th. Gaitanos, H. Lenske, U. Mosel Many thanks to GiBUU-group Introduction Theoretical aspects Formation of relativistic hypernuclei in simulations Non-equlibrium transport dynamics (Giessen-BUU) Fragmentation mechanism (coalescence, statistical approaches, e.g. SMM)  Hybrid approach (GiBUU+SMM) Applications Benchmark: p+X@SIS/GSI (spallation reactions), X+X@SIS/GSI, (ALADIN) X+X@2AGeV (HypHI), p+X@50GeV, X+X@20AGeV (J-PARC) Final remarks

2 Erice, 17.09.08 Introduction… Knowledge of YN & YY interaction (strangeness sector of hadronic EoS) ? important for physics of neutron stars strange „Hyperon Stars“, ~60% neutron, but ~20% occupation of protons and strange baryons (N.K. Glendenning, astro-ph/9707.351v1; F. Weber et. al., astro-ph/0705.2708v2) Formation of (exotic?) hypernuclei accessible in high-energy reactions (p+X, X+X) HypHI HypHI: 12 C( 6 Li)+ 12 C@SIS (in progress…) J-PARC J-PARC: p+ 12 C@50GeV, 12 C+ 12 C@20AGeV (in future…) PANDA PANDA: Antiproton-Nucleus (in future…) So far mainly from nuclear structure studies Info on properties of strange baryons in neutron rich matter needed  e.g. ( exotic) hypernuclei, e.g. 3 He Y, 5 He Y (Y=  )

3 Erice, 17.09.08 Relativistic Hypernuclei…         Production of Hypernuclei in Relativistic HIC Production of many hyperons from BB->BYK (3-body PS) Secondary rescattering (  N  YK) Multiple coalescence of hyperons with fragments Theoretical Framework Phase-Space evolution Transport equations of Boltzmann type, e.g. Giessen-BUU model http://www.physik.uni-giessen.de/GiBUU/  http://www.physik.uni-giessen.de/GiBUU/ Description of fragment formation ? Statistical picture (SMM, A.Botvina & I.Mishustin), coalescence Description of hypernuclei formation? simple coalescence in coordinate (Y inside fragmenting source) and in momentum space

4 Erice, 17.09.08 Theoretical description (pre-equilibrium dynamics, statistical decay)… Initial non-equilibrium stage Relativistic transport equation of Boltzmann-type Giessen-Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (GiBUU) Asymptotic equilibrated stage Fission/spallation, evaporation, multifragmentation… (with increasing excitation) Statistical determination of partial decay widths  Monte-Carlo method (basic method similar to numerical treatment of collisions in transport approaches) E* A i,Z i E*-  A d,Z d j,  AiAi A d +n (http://theorie.physik.uni-giessen.de/GiBUU) SMM code: Bondorf, Botvina & Mishustin, PR257(´95) 133 Q.Li, J.Q. Wu, C.M. Ko, Phys. Rev. C39 (1989) 849 B. Blättel, V. Koch, U. Mosel, Rep. Prog. Phys. 56 (1993) 1

5 Erice, 17.09.08 Theoretical description (hybrid GiBUU+SMM approach)… Excitation energy: E exc =E tot -E bind, of a „source“ Total energy (E tot =∫dxT 00 ) of a „source“  Excitation energy: E exc =E tot -E bind, of a „source“ Anisotropy ratios Q c (equilibration) local Pressures (P long (x)=T zz,P tr (x)=T xx,yy )  Anisotropy ratios Q c (equilibration)

6 Erice, 17.09.08 Phys. Lett. B 663, 197 (2008) Definition of residual nucleus:  >  sat /100. Non-Equilibrium dynamics within GiBUU until system(s) approach local equilibrium at t=t f Determination of A,Z and E exc at time t f, and then apply SMM Dynamical aspects in p+X and X+X reactions ( properties of „fragmenting source“ )… p+Au@0.8GeV

7 Erice, 17.09.08 Benchmark-I: p+X reactions (global characteristics)… Charge distribution… Mass distribution… Phys. Lett. B 663, 197 (2008) Exp. data: J. Benlliure et al., Nucl. Phys. A683 (2001) 513. F. Rejmund et al., Nucl. Phys. A683 (2001) 540

8 Erice, 17.09.08 Benchmark-I: p+X reactions (details)… Phys. Lett. B 663, 197 (2008) Exp. data: J. Benlliure et al., Nucl. Phys. A683 (2001) 513. F. Rejmund et al., Nucl. Phys. A683 (2001) 540

9 Erice, 17.09.08 Benchmark-I: p+208Pb@0.8GeV reactions (more details)… Pre-Equilibrium (BUU): high-energy n-emission, QE-pick Asymptotic equilibreated state (SMM): Statistical decay of excited source Final Result: Hybrid GiBUU+SMM data: S. Leray et al., PRC65,044621 neutrons

10 Erice, 17.09.08 Dynamical aspects in p+p and X+X reactions (Spectators)… Spectators Well defined conditions after onset of instability… Anisotropy …and onset of equilibration Def. ofSpectators Y (0) >0.75 (ALADIN)+  <  sat /100 submitted (2008)

11 Erice, 17.09.08 Benchmark-II: X+X reactions (spectator fragmentation in Au+Au@0.4AGeV)… submitted (2008)

12 Erice, 17.09.08 Hyperons formed from high-  phase(  B->YK,BB->BYK+PYTHIA)  rescattering with „spectator“-particles  captured by cold „spectator“-clusters with high probability, e.g. 4,6  He  In collisions of heavy nuclei (Au) difficult separation from pion-background (fireball)  Possible in collisions of light systems (Ca+Ca,C+C) with minor problems of pion-background (Fireball) Light System Heavy System Formation mechanism of spectator-hypernuclei …(X+X@3AGeV)

13 Erice, 17.09.08 Hypernuclei from spectator fragmentation…(HypHI, 12 C+ 12 C@2AGeV) coalescence Formation of hypernuclei from spectator fragmentation via coalescence (condition: Y inside radius of fragmenting source+momentum coalescence) extremely low Note: extremely low total yields, e.g. orders of only view  b for light He-hypernuclei M.Wakai, NPA547(92)89c Consistent with previous studies: M.Wakai, NPA547(92)89c Very small systems  less compression  less pions available for rescattering inside spectators Very small systems  small interaction radius for pions passing through spectator submitted (2008)

14 Erice, 17.09.08 Hypernuclei from high energy proton-induced reactions…(J-PARC, p+ 12 C@50GeV) Two sources (residual target+moving source) Stable conditions after resonance decay Most of hyperons created & rescatter inside moving source submitted (2008)

15 Erice, 17.09.08 Final remarks & Outlook… Fragmentation in reactions within “hybrid” GiBUU+SMM  BUU: non-equilibrium dynamics, info on onset of equilibration & instabilities  Ground state stability important in extracting E x  SMM(Botvina/Mishustin): statistical decay of excited configuration Fragmentation in proton-induced reactions & HIC  Gi  GiBUU+SMM combined approach for fragmentation reactions  reasonable description of a wide selection of exp. data First transport predictions for future HypHI-project at GSI  Light hyperfragment production from spectators with high probability (however, coalescence picture too simple…) Future/under progress developments  Better description for strangeness sector of mean-field (in progress)  Hyperfragment description more consistent: GiBUU+HypSMM: would be an important extension for HypHI A.S. Botvina, J. Pochodzalla, Phys. Rev. C76 (2007) 024909.

16 Erice, 17.09.08

17 Relativistic Thomas-Fermi…

18 Erice, 17.09.08 Improved ground state in BUU…

19 Erice, 17.09.08 Transport equations of Boltzmann-type, very old story… 1. Primer 1. Primer L. Boltzmann, Wien. Ber. 66 (1872) 275 2. Primer… 2. Primer…L. Nordheim, Proc. R. Soc. London A119 (1928) 689 E.A. Uehling, G.E. Uhlenbeck, Phys. Rev. 43 (1933) 552 Theoretical background Non-Relativistic kinetic theory L.P. Kadanoff, G. Baym, „Quantum Statistical Mechanics“ (Benjamin, N.Y. 1962) Relativistic kinetic theory S.R. de Groot, W.A. van Leeuwen, C.G. van Weert „Relativistic kinetic theory“ (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1980) Modern Relativistic Quantum Transport Theory W. Botermans, R. Malfliet, Phys. Rep. 198 (1990) 115 (  difficult to understand…) First applications to HIC… P. Danielewicz, Ann. Phys. 152 (1984) 239 & 305 G.F. Bertsch, S. Das Gupta, Phys. Rep. 160 (1988) 189 First relativistic applications to HIC… Giessen-group (PhD-Thesis of B. Blättel, V. Koch & U. Mosel/W. Cassing ~1990) B. Blättel, V. Koch, U. Mosel, Rep. Prog. Phys. 56 (1993) 1 Q.Li, J.Q. Wu, C.M. Ko, Phys. Rev. C39 (1989) 849

20 Erice, 17.09.08 Spectator matter properties (BUU)… Spectator very well suited for studies on fragments & hyperfragments Nice stable conditions… …before instability sets in

21 Erice, 17.09.08 Mean-field vs cascade – the role of the MDI…(J-PARC, p+ 12 C@50GeV) central peripheral

22 Erice, 17.09.08 136 Xe+ 208 Pb@1AGeV (spectator fragmentation…)

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