1. Volcano Notes Ms. Graham and Miss McGee 6th Grade Earth Science

2. Week 1
November 30 to December 4

3. Wk. 1 Day 1 Before: Volcano Pre-Test During: Notes form PPT Exit slip:
Name the 3 locations that volcanoes are found.

4. Individual Volcanoes - Locations
Subduction Zones:
Association between volcanoes & subduction zones.
Ring of Fire = Ring of Subduction Zones
Continental Rift Zone:
A few volcanoes are associated with rift zones.
e.g. Kilimanjaro & others in east African rift.
Hot Spots:
Some coincide with plate boundaries, most don’t.
e.g. Hawaii
Galapagos Is., Iceland, Yellowstone.

5. Where are volcanoes located? Is there a pattern?
Read the slide:
Where are volcanoes located?
Is there a pattern?
Comment:
Yes, and it’s at PLATE BOUNDARIES.
By now it should be no surprise to see the same patterns in the locations of volcanoes as we did with earthquakes. Notice the lines in the slide, they represent the plate boundaries.
Where are volcanoes located? Is there a pattern?
AT PLATE BOUNDARIES

6. Around large inactive plates Near areas where elevation is changing
Comment:
Volcano locations correlate quite well with those of earthquakes. They are not randomly spaced over the globe, but are in lines around geologically inactive plates, near where the topography is rapidly changing.
Patterns:
Not random
Linear
Around large inactive plates
Near areas where elevation is changing

7. Ring of Fire There are currently about 1500 active
Comment:
Two-thirds of the world’s volcanoes exist in the “Ring of Fire”, and the Pacific Northwest is a perfect example of what is happening.
There are currently about 1500 active
volcanoes around the world

8. The Ring of Fire
The Ring of Fire is an area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where a large number of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur.
The Ring of Fire is a direct result of plate tectonics and the movement and collisions of lithospheric plates.

9. Wk. 1 Day 2 Before: Question of the Day
Where is the Ring of Fire located?
Open with Volcanoes by Jimmy Buffett
Notes

10. Volcanoes Dormant (still has seismic activity and lava flow)
**Not currently erupting (but still could
anytime)
Active
**Currently erupting
Extinct (no seismic activity, no magma flow)
**Not able to erupt (permanently)

11. GLOSSARY Bomb – a lump of rock thrown out in an eruption
Crater – a deep hollow at the top of a volcano
Eruption – the release of gases, magma and rock from a volcano
Lava – melted rock that flows down the volcano
Magma – melted rock inside the Earth
Molten – melted, liquid
Vent – a crack on the side of a volcano where magma can escape

12. Volcanoes How do volcanoes form?
Deep inside the earth, heat and pressure cause rock to melt and form magma
Why is magma forced upward toward the earth’s surface?
Magma is less dense than the rock around it, so it is forced upward towards the earth’s surface

13. Volcanoes Where do volcanoes occur?
Along plate boundaries and above hot spots AND rift boundaries
A hot part in the middle of the mantle that melts rock that is then forced upward as magma
Hotspot

14. Volcanoes An example of a volcanic area at divergent plate boundaries
Mid Atlantic Ridge
An example of a volcano at convergent plate boundaries
Soufriere Hills Volcano
(Montserrat, West Indies – 1995)

15. Volcanoes Volcanic eruptions can be
Explosive
Violent
Quiet
What 3 factors control the style of a volcanic eruption
Water Vapor
Amount of trapped gases
Magma composition

16. Volcanoes
A volcanoes form depends on whether it is the result of a QUIET or and EXPLOSIVE eruption and whether it is made a silica-rich or silica-poor lava.
On Earth, silicon is the second most abundant element (after oxygen) in the crust,[1] making up 25.7% of the crust by mass.
Silicon has many industrial uses. Elemental silicon is the principal component of most semiconductor devices, most importantly integrated circuits or microchips. Silicon is widely used in semiconductors because it remains a semiconductor at higher temperatures than the semiconductor germanium and because its native oxide is easily grown in a furnace and forms a better semiconductor/dielectric interface than any other material.

17. Magma! What is the difference between “lava” and “magma”?
Magma is below ground and lava is above ground.

18. Wk. 1 Day 3 Before: Question of the Day During: Study Jam
What are blocks of lava thrown out of erupting volcanoes called?
During: Study Jam
“ Volcanoes”
After: Exit Slip
Study Jam Quiz

19. Wk. 1 Day 4 Before: Question of the Day During : Review
What is the difference between lava and magma?
During : Review
Mini-Q

20. Wk. 1 Day 5 Before: Question of the Day During : Review
The form that a volcano takes depends on what two things?
During : Review
Mini Test