1. The Roaring 1920’s
Chapters 20 and 21

2. Why were immigrants facing discrimination in the 1920’s?
Nativism- prejudice against foreign born after largest immigration period ( ), job competition.
Isolationism- did not want to get involved in world affairs after World War I experience.

3. What was the Red Scare?
1919- America was afraid of a Communist Revolution because of the Russian Revolution.
In America, socialist formed the IWW to unite workers.
Palmer Raids- hunted down suspected communists, anarchists, and socialists. Violation of civil rights

4. Who were Sacco and Vanzetti?
Arrested for robbery and murder in 1920.
Italian anarchists
Circumstantial evidence and prejudicial remarks led to their conviction and execution.
Anti-immigrant decision.
Example of prejudice

5. Why did the Ku Klux Klan rise in the 1920’s?
100 percent Americanism
For white native born Protestants only (anti-immigrant)
million registered members of the Ku Klux Klan.
1925- parade of 60,000 in D.C.
Resisted the change of modern life in the 1920’s.

6. How was immigration restricted in the 1920’s?
Emergency Quota Act of Established a maximum anount of people to be allowed into America. Cut European immigration.
1924- limited immigrants from Southern and Eastern Europe, and Asian immigration.

7. What were examples of labor unrest in the 1920’s?
Boston Police Strike- put down by Governor Coolidge for the good of public safety.
Steel Mill Strike- Strike ended with little help for workers.
Coal miner’s strike- John L .Lewis got a 27% increase for coal miners.
Union membership declines because of limited gains.

8. What do I need to know about Warren G. Harding?
President from
Washington Naval Conference- limited arms
Fordney-McCumber Tariff- raised U.S. import taxes 60%. Helped American businesses.
Teapot Dome Scandal- Albert Fall and Harding’s cabinet the Ohio Gang created scandal. Tarnished Harding’s legacy.
Died from heart attack.

9. Who was Calvin Coolidge?
“The business of America is business.”
President of the United States ( )
Business boomed in the Roaring 20’s.
Prosperity

10. What new technology led to the boom of the 1920’s?
Henry Ford and the automobile
Urban sprawl- cities spread in all directions.
Airplanes
Electrical appliances

11. What was the role of consumer goods in the 1920’s?
Advertising- billboards and newspaper ads
Installment plan- buying goods on credit with payment plans
False sense of prosperity

12. What was urban life like in the 1920’s?
By 1920, more Americans lived in cities than rural communities.
Immigrant communities and cultural opportunities in cities.
Cities seen as dangerous and lacking religion and traditional values.

13. What was Prohibition?
Banning of alcohol in America with the 18th Amendment ( )
Speakeasies- illegal bars during Prohibition.
Bootleggers- illegally sold alcohol (Al Capone- lead gangster of the time.
Increase in organized crime in 1920’s.

14. What were rural communities like in the 1920’s?
Traditional and religious
Did not want new opportunities in the cities.
Saw cities as a bad influence on their traditional values.

15. What was fundamentalism?
Protestant movement that takes the Bible literally.
Skeptical of some scientific discoveries like evolution.

16. What was the importance of the Scopes Trial?
John T. Scopes was charged with teaching his students the theory of evolution in Dayton, Tenn.
Clarence Darrow was the defense attorney
William Jennings Bryan- took the fundamentalist point of view.
Were you with religion or science?
Scopes was found guilty.

17. What was a flapper?
Emancipated woman of the 1920’s who embraced new fashions and attitudes.
Smoking
Drinking
Independent

18. What was a double standard?
Granting greater freedom to men than women.
Do double standards still exist today?

19. What were the new opportunities for women?
College
Teachers
Nurses
Librarians
Stenographers
More time at home because of inventions that made housework easier.

20. What new forms of entertainment were available?
Radio
Gertrude Ederle- swam English Channel
Andrew Rube Foster- Negro Baseball
Babe Ruth- Baseball
Helen Wills- Tennis
Charles Lindbergh- flew solo across Atlantic Ocean

21. Gertrude Ederle

22. Andrew Rube Foster

23. Babe Ruth

24. Helen Wills

25. Charles Lindbergh

26. Who were the great entertainers, artists, and writers of the 1920’s?
Movies with sound
Walt Disney
Eugene O’Neill- playwright
George Gershwin- musician (Jazz)
Georgia O’Keefe- art
Sinclair Lewis, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Edna St. Vincent Millay, and Ernest Hemingway- writers of Lost Generation

27. George Gershwin

28. Georgia O’Keefe

29. Ernest Hemingway

30. What was the Harlem Renaissance?
Term used to describe the African American intellectual movements in art, music, and literature.
Upper Manhattan is center of the movement.

31. Who was Zora Neale Hurston?
Famous Writer of the 1920’s.
Proud of African American heritage

32. Who was James Weldon Johnson?
Poet, lawyer, and NAACP executive secretary.
Wanted anti-lynching laws
Represented new militant voice of African Americans

33. Who was Marcus Garvey?
Founded Universal Negro Improvement Association.
Radical message
Black nationalism
Back to Africa movement

34. Who was Claude McKay?
Novelist, poet and Jamaican immigrant urged African American to resist prejudice and discrimination.

35. Who was Langston Hughes?
Greatest poet of the Harlem Renaissance
Used jazz in his poetry.
Famous Poem (I Too Sing America)

36. Who was Paul Robeson? Famous African American actor
Supported the Communist Party and left America to live in England.

37. Who were the leaders of the new art form of jazz?
Louis Armstrong- trumpet player and singer
Duke Ellington- great and leader and pianist
Bessie Smith- famous blues singer