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Virtual Private Networks Ed Wagner CS 7493
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Overview Introduction Types of VPNs Encrypting and Tunneling Pro/Cons the VPNs Conclusion
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Introduction Virtual Private Network o a secure network that uses primarily public telecommunication infrastructures, such as the internet, to provide remote offices or traveling users an access to a centralized organizational network.
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Types of VPNs PPTP IPSEC L2TP OpenVPN (SSL) Hybrid VPN MPLS VPN
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PPTP Point to Point Tunneling Protocol o The most common and widely used VPN. o Defined in RFC 2637, in 1999 o Developed by Microsof and 3com. o PPTP uses a control channel over TCP and a GRE tunnel operating to encapsulate PPP packets. o PPTP does not specified encryption or authentication. Security and authentication provided by the Microsoft PPTP software stack. o Authentication and Encryption Authentication - MS-CHAPv2 Encryption - Microsoft Point to Point Encryption (MPPE) - RC4 stream cipher
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PPTP Pros/Cons of PPTP + Cheap to setup - not as secure + pre-existing technology- security not native
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IPSEC Internet Protocol Security Protocol o a protocol suite for securing IP communications by authenticating and encrypting each IP packet. o Developed at the Naval Research Lab. o Operates in the OSI layer 3, much lower than other VPN protocols. o 2 modes of transmission: Tunnel - entire packet is encrypted, then encapsulated in a new ip packet. used in network to network vpns, and host to network vpn NAT transversal Transport - Only the payload of the IP packet is encrypted o When the authentication header effects routing, use NAT-T
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IPSEC Pros/Cons of IPSEC + Highest security + when used with l2tp, data is encapsulated twice. - harder to setup - possible routing issues - requires more processing power
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L2TP Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol o a tunneling protocol used to support vpns. o does not provide any encryption or authentication usually used encrypted with IPsec. o Proposed in 1999, RFC 2661 o Entire packet, both header and payload are sent as a UDP packet on port 1701.
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L2TP Pros/Cons of L2TP + native windows support + feature rich backend allows use of other protocols - No native security - slower than other vpn sources
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OpenVPN An open source software applications that implements VPN techniques for creating secure point to point or site to site connections in routed/bridged networks Created in 2002, by James Yonan Uses SSL for encryption Authentication is done with pre-shared keys
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OpenVPN Pros/Cons of OpenVPN + great community support + free + easy to setup - SSL can require more processing power.
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Hybrid VPNs Hybrid VPN servers are able to accept connections from multiple types of VPN clients. For example, combining the features of SSL and IPSEC
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Hybrid VPNS Pros/Cons of Hybrid + Ability to use different protocols to provide greater usage. - expensive to implement.
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MPLS VPN Multi-Protocol Label Switching o a family of methods for harnessing the power of multiprotocol label switching to create VPNs. o MPLS VPNs give network engineers the flexibility to transport and route several types of network traffic using the technologies of a MPLS backbone Related to telecommunication standards
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MPLS Pros/Cons of MPLS + use of different network technologies to provide a VPN network. - Not easy to setup.
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Encrypting and Tunneling Encrypting o Encoding a packet of information using a known and tested algorithm. o Ex: IPsec, MPPE Tunneling o Creating a path where all packets are routed to the next path in the circuit, whether encrypted or not. o Ex: L2TP, PPTP (not with MPPE)
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Conclusion There are various options for VPNs. The major factors for an SA setting up a VPN network would be the Needs for Mobility, the complexity of security, and the expense that will be used to implement the VPN
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Questions?
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Works cited http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_network http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Tunneling_Protocol http://techpp.com/2010/07/16/different-types-of-vpn-protocols/ http://www.alliancedatacom.com/how-vpn-works.asp http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layer_2_Tunneling_Protocol http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenVPN
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