1. CELL TRANSPORT PASSIVE & ACTIVE TRANSPORT CLASSROOM BOOK: 7-3 ZEBRA BOOK: 7-4

2. Cell Membrane  MAIN FUNCTION IS TO REGULATE WHAT ENTERS AND LEAVES THE CELL TO MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS  A STABLE, INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT

3. HOMEOSTASIS - EXAMPLES OF  SHIVERING WHEN COLD TO GENERATE HEAT WITHIN THE BODY  SWEATING WHEN HOT TO COOL THE INTERNAL CORE TEMPERATURE.

4. THE CELL MEMBRANE  MADE OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS AND PROTEINS

5. LIPID BILAYER STRUCTURE

6. LIPID BILAYER  TWO LAYERS OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS  PHOSPHATE HEAD IS POLAR (WATER LOVING)  FATTY ACID TAILS ARE NON POLAR (WATER HATING)

7. PROTEINS  ARE EMBEDDED IN THE CELL MEMBRANE THAT ACT AS DOORS SO SUBSTANCES CAN ENTER AND EXIT.

8. CELL MEMBRANE  ALSO REFERRED TO AS: LIPID BILAYER PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER PLASMA MEMBRANE

9. SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE  THE CELL MEMBRANE WILL ALLOW CERTAIN SUBSTANCES TO PASS THROUGH EASILY  EX: WATER, SUGARS, OXYGEN, CARBON DIOXIDE

10. SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE  AND, KEEP OTHER SUBSTANCES FROM PASSING THROUGH THE CELL MEMBRANE  EX. LARGE LIPIDS, PROTEINS, CARBOHYDRATES,

11. TRANSPORT IN THE CELL  CAN BE PASSIVE TRANSPORT OR ACTIVE TRANSPORT

12. PASSIVE TRANSPORT  NO ENERGY INPUT BY THE CELL IS NEEDED FOR MOVEMENT TO OCCUR  THE 3 TYPES OF PASSIVE TRANSPORT ARE: DIFFUSION OSMOSIS FACILITATED DIFFUSION

13. DIFFUSION  THE MOVEMENT OF MOLECULES FROM AN AREA OF HIGH CONCENTRATION TO AN AREA OF LOW CONCENTRATION ACROSS A SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE MEMBRANE

14. OSMOSIS  THE MOVEMENT OF WATER FROM AN AREA OF HIGH CONCENTRATION TO AN AREA OF LOW CONCENTRATION ACROSS A SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE MEMBRANE.  THE WAY THAT WATER MOVES IN LIVING ORGANISMS

15. OSMOSIS  IS HOW WATER MOVES IN LIVING ORGANISMS

16. THREE TYPES OF OSMOTIC SOLUTIONS  HYPERTONIC  HYPOTONIC  ISOTONIC

17. OSMOTIC SOLUTIONS  HYPOTONIC - THE CONCENTRATION OF SOLUTE MOLECULES OUTSIDE OF THE CELL IS LOWER THAN THE CONCENTRATION OF SOLUTE MOLECULES IN THE CYTOPLASM.  (LESS WATER INSIDE OF THE CELL THAN OUTSIDE OF THE CELL)

18. Hypotonic Solutions cell: L water, H solute Environment: H water, L solute, hypotonic to cell Hypotonic: Water enters cell. Cell swells and bursts (cytolysis). Give plant cells shape and support. Cell hypertonic to environment. Environment hypotonic to cell.

19. RED BLOOD CELL IN A HYPOTONIC SOLUTION  WHICH WAY DOES THE WATER MOVE?  WHY?

20. OSMOTIC SOLUTIONS  HYPERTONIC – THE CONCENTRATION OF SOLUTE MOLECULES OUTSIDE OF THE CELL IS HIGHER THAN THE CONCENTRATION OF SOLUTE MOLECULES INSIDE OF THE CELL.  (MORE WATER INSIDE OF THE CELL THAN OUTSIDE OF THE CELL)

21. Hypertonic Solutions Cell: H water; L solute Environment: L water, H solute Hypertonic: Water exits cell. Cell shrinks (plasmolysis) due to water loss. Cell hypotonic to environment. Environment hypertonic to cell.

22.  WHICH WAY DOES THE WATER MOVE?  WHY? RED BLOOD CELL IN A HYPERTONIC SOLUTION

23. OSMOTIC SOLUTIONS  ISOTONIC – THE CONCENTRATION OF SOLUTES INSIDE AND OUTSIDE OF THE CELL ARE EQUAL.  (THE AMOUNT OF WATER INSIDE AND OUTSIDE OF THE CELL IS EQUAL ).

24. Isotonic Solutions Isotonic: Water in = Water out No net movement of water. Molecules in equilibrium. Normal state for animal cells. Cell in homeo

25. RED BLOOD CELL IN AN ISOTONIC SOLUTION  WHICH WAY DOES THE WATER MOVE?  WHY?

27. FACILITATED DIFFUSION  THE MOVEMENT OF MOLECULES ACROSS A SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE MEMBRANE WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF CARRIER PROTEINS IN THE MEMBRANE

28. FACILITATED DIFFUSION  PROCESS USED FOR MOLECULES THAT CANNOT DIFFUSE RAPIDLY THROUGH CELL MEMBRANES  MOLECULES MAY NOT BE SOLUBLE TO LIPIDS OR TOO LARGE TO PASS THROUGH THE MEMBRANE

29. EXAMPLE OF FACILITATED DIFFUSION  TRANSPORT OF GLUCOSE  CARRIER PROTEINS MOVE GLUCOSE OUT OF THE CELL TO WHERE IT IS NEEDED

30. ACTIVE TRANSPORT  REQUIRES ENERGY INPUT BY THE CELL FOR MOVEMENT TO OCCUR.  INCLUDES: SODIUM-POTASSIUM PUMP ENDOCYTOSIS EXOCYTOSIS ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

31. ENDOCYTOSIS(ENTERING THE CELL)  TAKING MATERIAL INTO THE CELL BY MEANS OF INFOLDINGS OR POCKETS OF THE CELL MEMBRANE  THE POCKET FORMS A VACUOLE AND CARRIES THE MATERIAL

32. Endocytosis

33. ENDOCYTOSIS – TWO TYPES  PINOCYTOSIS – THE TRANSPORT OF SOLUTES OR FLUIDS  PHAGOCYTOSIS – THE TRANSPORT OF LARGE PARTICLES OR WHOLE CELLS

34. EXOCYTOSIS(EXITING THE CELL)  THE PROCESS BY WHICH CELLS REMOVE MATERIALS FROM THE CELL  REVERSE PROCESS OF ENDOCYTOSIS

35. EXOCYTOSIS