1. ENERGY IN EARTH’S ATMOSPHERE How does energy enter the atmosphere?

3. Where does the energy come from? All atmospheric processes get their energy from the Sun. This energy is transferred by radiation of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves. WHAT HAPPENS TO ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY (RADIATION) ONCE IT REACHES EARTH? It can be reflected, scattered, refracted, transmitted or absorbed.

4. Radiation occurs in different forms identified by their wavelengths

6. The radiation from the sun has its peak energy transmission in the visible wavelength range.

7. Latent Heat energy released or absorbed during a phase change (remember it is potential energy) Latent means hidden –this energy is not released or absorbed unless a phase change is occurring

8. Heating Curve of Water

10. Review(using esrt pg 1) Phase Changes of Water: Heat (absorbed/released) Solid → Liquid meltingabsorbed Liquid → Gas evaporationabsorbed Gas → Liquid condensationreleased Solid → Gas sublimationabsorbed Gas → Solid depositionreleased Liquid → Solid freezingreleased

11. Properties of Water Chart Heat of fusion: (334 joules/gram) The energy required to change a gram of a substance from a solid to a liquid Heat of Vaporization: (2260 joules/gram): The energy required to change a gram of liquid into a gaseous state

12. Where do storms get their energy from? Condensation of water releases energy into the atmosphere in the form of latent heat (______J/g) The more water that condenses, the more energy in the atmosphere, the stronger the storm. Ex: hurricanes, thunderstorms

13. What will make water evaporate? Ideal conditions: Sunlight: 3/4 of solar radiation used by Earth is used in evaporation of water from oceans Surface area: large surface area evaporates more quickly Depth: a shallower area evaporates more quickly Unsaturated air Warm air: evaporation will increase with heat Wind: evaporation increases with higher winds.

14. Sum Up Evaporation: absorbs latent heat  cools the air Condensation: releases latent heat  warms the air Remember: A Joule measures heat