1. Intensification of Agro and Food Industry Waste Biodegradation Process
Marina Tišma, Natalija Velić, Mario Panjičko, Bruno Zelić

2. Process Intensification Modeling, Simulation and Optimization
Outlook
Process Intensification
Modeling, Simulation and Optimization
Waste Preatretment
Scale-up – Mobile Pilot Plant

3. Process Intensification – Modeling, Simulation, Optimization
B. Zelić, Đ. Vasić-Rački, Kem. Ind., 54 (2005)

4. Process Intensification – Whey and Cow Manure Co-Digestion Process
Optimization
(A) mesophilic conditions without alkalinity addition;
(B) thermophilic conditions without alkalinity addition;
(C) mesophilic conditions with alkalinity addition;
(D) thermophilic conditions with alkalinity addition
A. Hublin, T. Ignjatić Zokić, B. Zelić, Biotechnol. Bioproc. Eng., 17 (2012)

5. Process Intensification – Whey and Cow Manure Co-Digestion Process
Modeling
Proposed reaction sheme
1. hydrolysis;
2. fermentation;
3. anaerobic oxidation;
4. acetogenesis;
5. acetoclastic methanogenesis;
6. hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis

6. Process Intensification – Whey and Cow Manure Co-Digestion Process
Modeling
Mass balances
Kinetic model

7. Process Intensification – Whey and Cow Manure Co-Digestion Process
Validation and Simulation
A. Hublin, B. Zelić, Waste Manage. Res., 31 (2013)

8. Process Intensification – Waste Preatretement
Degradation of lignin in sugar beet waste by white rot fungi Trametes versicolor and Phanerochaete chrysosporium cultivated in solid state culture

9. Process Intensification – Waste Preatretement
Sugar beet waste degradation after 30 days of solid state fermentation
P. chrysosporium
% of loss of weight
- 35 % lignin conversion
T. versicolor
C : N = 36.8 : 1
t = 0 day
% of loss of weight
- 55 % lignin conversion

10. Process Intensification
Microreactor (10-5 dm3)
Intensification of Heat and Mass Transport
Reduced Size
Large Surface to Volume Ratio (105 – 106 m2 m-3)
Fast Screening of Materials, Catalyst and Processes
Flexibility in Capacity and in Design
Operating Robustness and Controllability
Lower Cost of Transportation of Material and Energy
Replacing Batch with Continuous Processes
COSTS !!!!!
Treatment of Waste Streams ?????
Flask (10-1 dm3)
Pilot scale bioreactor(103 dm3)
Lab scale bioreactor (101 dm3)

11. Center for Environmental Techology, Brodarski institut d.d.
Anaerobic Bioreactors
Aerobic Bioreactor
Lab scale
Pilot scale
Designed by:

12. Center for Environmental Techology, Brodarski institut d.d.
Anaerobic Bioreactors
Aerobic Bioreactor
Lab scale
Mobile Pilot Plant
- remote process control over the Internet using remote-control computing software
Designed by:

13. Two Solid State Reactors
Mobile Pilot Plant
Two Solid State Reactors
- solid waste
- a(na)erobic conditions
- V = 200 dm3
Anaerobic Reactor
- liquid waste
- a(na)erobic treatment of wastewaters
- stirring and pH regulation
- V = 300 dm3
UASB Reactor
- Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor
- anaerobic treatment of sludge samples
- V = 40 dm3

14. Biogas Production from Brewery Spent Grain
Brewery Laško
Capacity: 100,000,000 L of brew annually
Project: treatment of brewery waste streams
Wastewater – done
Yeast – done
Spent grain – development in progress
Brewery spent grain:
lignocellulosic material containing about 17 % cellulose, 28 % non-cellulosic polysaccharides, mostly arabinoxylans, and 28 % lignin
m3/kg dry organic matter → m3 biogas/ton
total usable biogas potential:
biogas 1,600,000-2,000,000 m3
50-55 % renewable in total energy (up to 1.5 mio € annual savings)

15. Process Development - Biogas Production from Brewery Spent Grain
Brewery wastewater
Biogas
HCl
Anaerobic digestion
Brewery spent grain
Liquid phase
Hydrolysis
Wastewater
Biogas
Solid phase
UASBR
Solid residue
less than 10 %

16. Ackonwledgment