1. Agenda: Hand in RAFT #2 Hand in RAFT #2 Notes—Failed compromises Notes—Failed compromises Same note sheet from Friday. Same note sheet from Friday. RAFT #3 RAFT #3

2. The Missouri Compromise, 1820 Missouri wanted to enter the union, but the question of whether it would be a free state or a slave state created a heated debate. This is known as sectionalism, when two sections of a country are divided because of their strong feelings toward a particular issue; rather than feeling loyalty to their country, people feel loyalty to their section or region of their country.

3. Main Points Maine would be admitted as a free state. Maine would be admitted as a free state. Missouri would be admitted as a slave state. Missouri would be admitted as a slave state. Remaining territory of the Louisiana Purchase (land north of the 36-30 parallel) would be closed off to slavery. Remaining territory of the Louisiana Purchase (land north of the 36-30 parallel) would be closed off to slavery.

5. The Compromise of 1850 California desired entrance into the Union as a free state, but this would upset the balance of the free and slave states in the Senate. California desired entrance into the Union as a free state, but this would upset the balance of the free and slave states in the Senate.

6. The Compromise of 1850 California would be admitted as a free state. California would be admitted as a free state. Idea of popular sovereignty (the people within a territory decide whether they will be free or slave) would be applied to the rest of the territory gained from the Mexican Cession Idea of popular sovereignty (the people within a territory decide whether they will be free or slave) would be applied to the rest of the territory gained from the Mexican Cession Slave Trade would be outlawed in Washington, D.C. Slave Trade would be outlawed in Washington, D.C. Enacted a stricter fugitive slave law. Define: northerners were forced to return runaway slaves to their ‘owner’ Enacted a stricter fugitive slave law. Define: northerners were forced to return runaway slaves to their ‘owner’

8. The Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854 The issue maintaining a balance of free and slave states in the Union was making it difficult for western territories to be admitted into the union as states. Stephen Douglas, a senator from Illinois sought to resolve this issue with the Kansas-Nebraska Act. The issue maintaining a balance of free and slave states in the Union was making it difficult for western territories to be admitted into the union as states. Stephen Douglas, a senator from Illinois sought to resolve this issue with the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

9. The Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854 Idea of popular sovereignty would be applied to the territories of Kansas and Nebraska. Idea of popular sovereignty would be applied to the territories of Kansas and Nebraska. Undid the Missouri Compromise by allowing slavery to exist north of the 36- 30 parallel if a state’s population decided (through popular sovereignty) to allow slavery. Undid the Missouri Compromise by allowing slavery to exist north of the 36- 30 parallel if a state’s population decided (through popular sovereignty) to allow slavery. Resulted in Bleeding Kansas. Resulted in Bleeding Kansas.

11. Lincoln Wins Presidency and the South Secedes After Lincoln became won the presidential election in November 1860, the South began to secede from the North After Lincoln became won the presidential election in November 1860, the South began to secede from the North The first state to secede was South Carolina in December, 1860 The first state to secede was South Carolina in December, 1860 By Feb. 1861 Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, and Georgia all had seceded By Feb. 1861 Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, and Georgia all had seceded

12. Lincoln Wins Presidency and the South Secedes These states formed a new nation and government and call themselves the Confederate States of America Southerners were justified in seceding because of Southerners were justified in seceding because of states’ rights States chose to join the United States of America States chose to join the United States of America North refused to enforce the Fugitive Slave Act North refused to enforce the Fugitive Slave Act North refused to let the South have equal access to the territories in the west North refused to let the South have equal access to the territories in the west

13. Fort Sumter, S.C. April 1861

14. Fort Sumter Lincoln told the south that all Federal property (government owned) in the South would still belong to the Union (North – U.S.A.) Lincoln told the south that all Federal property (government owned) in the South would still belong to the Union (North – U.S.A.) South surrounded Ft. Sumter and refused to let the North restock supplies for the fort South surrounded Ft. Sumter and refused to let the North restock supplies for the fort Confederacy decided to attack the Fort before Union troops arrived with supplies Confederacy decided to attack the Fort before Union troops arrived with supplies 33 hour fight ended with a Union surrender 33 hour fight ended with a Union surrender News of the attack strengthened the North’s dislike of the south and Lincoln ordered 75,000 soldiers to fight and save the Union News of the attack strengthened the North’s dislike of the south and Lincoln ordered 75,000 soldiers to fight and save the Union The Civil War had begun!!!

15. Causes of the Civil War Missouri Compromise (1820) Missouri Compromise (1820) The Compromise of 1850 The Compromise of 1850 Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852) Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852) The Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) The Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) Dred Scott Decision (1857) Dred Scott Decision (1857) Election of 1860 Election of 1860 The Civil War begins The Civil War begins Fort Sumter Fort Sumter