1. College of Computer Science, SCU Computer English Lecture 1 Computer Science 2011.08.29 Yang Ning 1/46

2. Outline Computing as a Discipline Introduction to Computer Science 2/46

3. Questions you should be able to answer What on earth is the computing? Is computer science a science? What is the fundamental problem underlying all of computing? What is the intellectual substance of the discipline? 3/46

4. Paradigms for Computer Science Theory Abstraction Design 4/46

5. The Role of Programming Computer science equals programming? 5/46

6. A Description of Computing Requirements  It should be understandable by people outside the field.  It should be a rallying point( 共识, 聚集点 ) for people inside the field.  It should be concrete and specific.  It should elucidate the historical roots of the discipline in mathematics, logic, and engineering.  It should set forth the fundamental questions and significant accomplishments in each area of the discipline. 6/46

7. The Other Definitions Newell, Perlis, Simon, 1967  Computer science is the study of computers and the major phenomena that surround them.  All the common objections to this definition could just as well be used to demonstrate that other sciences are not science.  Flipant to outsider, but good start point. 7/46

8. The Other Definitions Computing Science Accreditation Board  Computer science is the body of knowledge concerned with computers and computation. It has theoretical, experimental, and design components and includes 1. theories for understanding computing devices, programs, and systems; 2. experimentation for the development and testing of concepts; 3. design methodology, algorithms, and tools for practical realization; 4. methods of analysis for verifying that these realizations meet requirements. 8/46

9. Short Definition Computing  The discipline of computing is the systematic study of algorithmic processes that describe and transform information: their theory, analysis, design, efficiency, implementation, and application. Fundamental Question  What can be (efficiently) automated? 9/46

10. Division into Subareas Four criteria  Underlying unity of subject matter  Substantial theoretical component  Significant abstractions  Important design and implementation issues 10/46

11. 14 Subareas Discrete Structures Programming Fundamentals Algorithms and Complexity Architecture and Organization Operating Systems Net-Centric Computing Programming Languages Human-Computer Interaction Graphics and Visual Computing Intelligent Systems Information Management Software Engineering Computational Science Social and Professional Issues 11/46

12. Five Major Computing Disciplines Computer Science Computer Engineering Software Engineering Information Systems Information Technology 12/46

13. Graphical Views of Computing Disciplines 13/46

14. Graphical Views of Computing Disciplines 14/46

15. Graphical Views of Computing Disciplines 15/46

16. Graphical Views of Computing Disciplines 16/46

17. Graphical Views of Computing Disciplines 17/46

18. Outline Computer as a Discipline Introduction to Computer Science 18/46

19. Contents 19/46

20. Terminology 20/46

21. History of Algorithms 21/46

22. Example: the Euclidean Algorithm 22/46

23. Contents 23/46

24. Origins of Computing Machines 24/46

25. An Abacus 25/46

26. Early Data Storage 26/46

27. Early Computers 27/46

28. The Mark I Computer 28/46

29. The 1st Modern Computer 29/46

30. Personal Computer 30/46

31. Contents 31/46

32. Computer Science 32/46

33. Central Questions of Computer Science 33/46

34. Central Questions of Computer Science... 34/46

35. The Central Role of Algorithms in CS 35/46

36. Algorithms – Application of 36/46

37. Algorithms – Analysis of 37/46

38. Algorithms – Discovery of 38/46

39. Algorithms – Representation of 39/46

40. Algorithms – Communication of 40/46

41. Algorithms – Execution of 41/46

42. Algorithms – Limitations of 42/46

43. Contents 43/46

44. Abstraction 44/46

45. Contents 45/46

46. Subjects  Data Storage  Data Manipulation  Operating Systems  Networks and the Internet  Algorithms  Programming Languages  Software Engineering  Data Abstractions  Database Systems  Computer Graphics  Artificial Intelligence  Theory of Computation 46/46