1. Chapter 39 Fishes
Section 3
Bony Fishes

2. Characteristics Class Osteichthyes
Bone- harder & heavier than cartridge
Lungs- early bony fishes
Swim bladder- gas-filled sac that is used to control buoyancy
Scales- protect fish and reduce friction when swimming

3. Lobe-finned fishes Fleshy fins supported by a series of bones
Lungfish and coelacanth
Lungfish- exchange gas through lungs and gills (Live in tropical ponds)
Coelacanth- live deep in the ocean

4. Lungfish

5. Coelacanth

6. Ray-finned fishes
Do not have fins with a central bony axis- fins supported by bony-rays
Evolved from scales
Familiar fish- trout, goldfish, eels, bass, guppies, salmon, perch, etc.

7. Trout

8. Perch

9. Goldfish

10. External Anatomy
Operculum- hard plate that opens at the rear and covers and protects gills
Fins- swimming and navigation
Caudal fin- tail fin
Two dorsal fins (anterior & posterior)
Ventral anal fin- helps move in a straight line
Pelvic fins- orient body

12. External Anatomy Skin- scales Scales grow with fish
Scales overlap like shingles on roof

13. Internal Anatomy
Skeleton- skull, spinal column, pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, and ribs
Pectoral girdle- supports pectoral fish
Digestive: Jaws, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, anus

14. Internal Anatomy
Circulatory- gills, heart, capillaries

15. Respiratory and Excretory
Countercurrent Flow- causes more oxygen to diffuse into the blood
Urine
Urinary bladder

18. Swim Bladder Sac filled with oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen
Adjust their buoyancy based on swim bladder

20. Nervous System
Brain
Optic tectum- receives and processes information from the fish’s visual, auditory, and lateral-line systems

22. Reproduction External
Lay large numbers of eggs to ensure survival of species
Spawning- reproduction
Migrate to warm waters to spawn

24. REVIEW!!! List three key features that characterize bony fishes.
Describe the external anatomy of fish.
Name the importance of swim bladder.