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Gabrielse God of Antimatter Gerald Gabrielse Leverett Professor of Physics Harvard University Cambridge University Faraday Lecture 2 March 2006 time energy 0 1
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Gabrielse Progression of a Scientific Career career success time high low Plot the progress of a scientific career
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Gabrielse Progression of a Scientific Career career success time high low Plot the progress of a scientific career
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Gabrielse Progression of a Scientific Career career success time high low blastocyst
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Gabrielse Progression of a Scientific Career career success time high low first scientific paper blastocyst
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Gabrielse Progression of a Scientific Career career success time high low first scientific paper more papers blastocyst
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Gabrielse Progression of a Scientific Career career success time high low first scientific paper more papers well known for successful research programs blastocyst
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Gabrielse Progression of a Scientific Career career success time high low first scientific paper more papers well known for successful research programs first review paper blastocyst
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Gabrielse Progression of a Scientific Career career success time high low first scientific paper more papers well known for successful research programs first review paper become department chair blastocyst
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Gabrielse Progression of a Scientific Career career success time high low first scientific paper more papers well known for successful research programs first review paper become department chair blastocyst speak about science and religion
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Gabrielse God of Antimatter Gerald Gabrielse Leverett Professor of Physics Harvard University Cambridge University Faraday Lecture 2 March 2006
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Gabrielse We Are Made of Matter
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Gabrielse Particles of Matter and Antimatter: Opposite and Identical charge mass Only measurements tell how identical
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Gabrielse Matter and Antimatter Atoms Particle and antiparticle charges are opposite Both atoms are uncharged same charge uncharged atom uncharged anti-atom
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Gabrielse What Happens When Anti-Gabrielse Gabrielse Antimatter and Matter Gabrielse Meet? About to shake hands
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Gabrielse Huge Energy Release! energy released mass that disappears 200 kg Einstein’s famous formula 100 kg Anti-Gabrielse 100 kg Gabrielse 5,000,000,000,000 kilowatt-hours Yearly output of 500 nuclear power plants Energy from 4200 Megatons of TNT
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Gabrielse Efficiency Annihilation 100 % Nuclear fission 0.1 % Nuclear fusion 0.1 % (or a bit higher) Chemical fuel 0.000 000 3 % Annihilation 1000 times more bang for the gram compared to nuclear fuel Energy Source of the Future? No, certainly not Antimatter Weapons? No, certainly not Antimatter Rockets? Doubtful, … maybe in distant future
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Gabrielse Antiproton Trapping and Annihilation Makes its Way Into Popular Culture Serious Play: Hapgood Author: Tom Stoppard Fiction best seller Star Trek – antimatter powers the space ship Enterprise
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Gabrielse Should the Pope Have Worried? Missing detail: if all the antiprotons we have made in the history of the world were annihilated at the same time Not enough energy to boil a pot of tea Clearly the pope should have studied more science
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Gabrielse God of Antimatter Gerald Gabrielse Leverett Professor of Physics Harvard University Cambridge University Faraday Lecture 2 March 2006
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Gabrielse One-Electron Quantum Cyclotron Tiny Accelerator Homemade “Atom” Suspend a single electron in a trap for more than 10 months only certain radii (i.e. certain energy levels) are ever realized time energy 0 1 Measure the energy (i.e. the radius) as a function of time
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Gabrielse Random Jumping Between Quantum State 0.1 m time energy 0 1 The electron jumps between two orbits of differing radius between its two lowest energy levels
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Gabrielse God of Antimatter Gerald Gabrielse Leverett Professor of Physics Harvard University Cambridge University Faraday Lecture 2 March 2006
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Gabrielse Hands “Metaphor” (Thanks to my former Ph.D. student, Dr. Ching-Hua Tseng, for being my hands.)
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Gabrielse
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I Don’t Know We badly need people of faith and people of science willing to say “I don’t know”, rather than folks who are always certain
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