1. England: Island nation, north of France, center of Northern Renaissance and important in the spread of the Protestant Reformation. Germany: central European region where the Printing Press was invented, and the Protestant Reformation began in 1517. Culture: the way of life of a people. Civilization: advanced stage of human development, with detailed structure of government, economy, society and permanent settlements.

2. CAN YOU TELL THE ARTISTS APART? Da Vinci: inventor, Mona Lisa or Last Supper Da Vinci: inventor, Mona Lisa or Last Supper Michelangelo: sculptor, Sistine Chapel, David or La Pieta Michelangelo: sculptor, Sistine Chapel, David or La Pieta Raphael: School of Athens Raphael: School of Athens Jan Van Eyck: northern or Dutch, oil painting Jan Van Eyck: northern or Dutch, oil painting CAN YOU TELL THE RULERS APART? Elizabeth: England became the most powerful nation Elizabeth: England became the most powerful nation Henry VIII: broke away from Catholic church Henry VIII: broke away from Catholic church

3. Calvin: Predestination Calvin: Predestination Luther: 95 Theses Luther: 95 Theses CAN YOU TELL THE RELIGIOUS LEADERS APART? CAN YOU TELL THE WRITERS APART? Machiavelli: The Prince Machiavelli: The Prince More: Utopia More: Utopia