1.  OLD: Naming Type I, Type II, Type III and Type IV Compounds  NEW: Naming Acids

2.  Ionic compounds (monatomic cations & anions)  Examples – ◦ Li 2 O = lithium oxide ◦ AlN = ???

3.  Ionic compounds (variable charge cations and monatomic anions)  Examples – ◦ Cu 2 O = copper (I) oxide ◦ PbS 2 = ??? Lead (IV) sulfide or plumbic sulfide

4.  Same as Type I and Type IV except you have to indicate what charge the variable charge ion has… THE ROMAN NUMERAL IS THE CHARGE!  For example: ◦ FeO=iron (II) oxide (or ferrous oxide) ◦ Fe 2 O 3 =iron (III) oxide (or ferric oxide) ◦ SnH 2 =tin (II) hydride (or stannous hydride) ◦ SnBr 4 =tin (IV) bromide (or stannic bromide)

5.  Ionic compounds (polyatomic ions–mostly anions)  Examples – ◦ K 2 SO 4 = potassium sulfate ◦ (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 = ???

6.  Covalent compounds with only nonmetals Key… these are not compounds of ions! That is why the rules are so different.  Examples – ◦ P 3 O 5 = triphosphorus pentoxide ◦ SO = ???

7. Number of atomsPrefix 1mono- 2di- 3tri- 4tetra- 5penta- 6hexa-

8.  Never use “mono” at the beginning of the compound name, if there’s only 1 of the first atom no prefix is necessary.  If the vowel at the end of the prefix plus the vowel at the start of the element name is awkward, (e.g. mono- and oxide) the vowel on the prefix gets dropped. (monoxide, tetroxide)

9. 1. Name 1 st element: nitrogen 2. Name 2 nd element like an anion: oxide 3. Use prefixes to denote numbers of atoms ◦ 1 nitrogen: if only 1 of the first atom, no prefix ◦ 1 oxygen: mono- ◦ nitrogen monoxide

10. 1. Name the first element using the element name: boron 2. Name the second element as if it were an anion: fluoride (instead of fluorine) 3. Use prefixes to denote numbers of atoms: ◦ 1 boron: if only 1 of the first atom, no prefix ◦ 3 fluorine: tri- ◦ boron trifluoride

12.  Charge practice: http://www.chemfiles.com/flash/polyions1.h tml http://www.chemfiles.com/flash/polyions1.h tml  Name/formula practice: http://www.chemfiles.com/flash/polyions.ht ml http://www.chemfiles.com/flash/polyions.ht ml  (Really tough ion/compound practice: http://www.chemfiles.com/flash/polyatomic_ ions.html) http://www.chemfiles.com/flash/polyatomic_ ions.html

13.  Acids = molecules that produce H + ions in water  First recognized for the sour taste of their solutions: e.g. citric acid in lemons and limes is responsible for that sour taste  An acid is an anion with one or more H + cations bonded to it that it can let go of when dissolved in water.

14. If the anion does NOT contain oxygen… HCl 1. Use the prefix hydro- and the suffix –ic after the “root” of the anion: chloride hydrochloric acid How do you know it’s an acid? It starts with H!

15. If the anion does NOT contain oxygen… HCN 1. Use the prefix hydro- and the suffix –ic after the “root” of the anion: cyanide hydrocyanic acid

16. If the anion DOES contain oxygen… H 2 SO 4 2. Take the root name of the central anion and add a suffix: -ic when the anion ends in –ate -ous when anion names in –ite hydrogen sulfate should be called… …sulfuric acid

17. If the anion DOES contain oxygen… HNO 2 2. Take the root name of the central anion and add a suffix: -ic when the anion ends in –ate -ous when anion names in –ite hydrogen nitrite should be called… …nitrous acid

18. If the anion DOES contain oxygen, but isn’t a simple “-ate” or an “-ite”… perchloric acid chloric acid hypochlorous acid chlorous acid perchlorate chlorate chlorite hypochlorite HClO 4 HClO 3 HClO 2 HClO per - used for anions with one more oxygen than an ‘-ate” hypo - used for anions with one less oxygen than an ‘-ite”

19. If the anion DOES contain oxygen, but isn’t a simple “-ate” or an “-ite”… perbromic acid bromic acid hypobromous acid bromous acid perbromate bromate bromite hypobromite HBrO 4 HBrO 3 HBrO 2 HBrO per - used for anions with one more oxygen than an ‘-ate” hypo - used for anions with one less oxygen than an ‘-ite”

20. Ex’s: HF, HS, HN Ex’s: HNO 3,HNO 2,HNO, HNO 4  NO Oxygen  Always: Hydro[anion root]ic acid  CONTAINS Oxygen  What is the key anion?  How many oxygens does it have compared to the “-ate” or “-ite”? (prefix)[anion root](suffix) acid hydrofluoric acid, hydrosulfuric acid, hydronitric acid nitric acid, nitrous acid, hyponitrous acid, pernitric acid