1. Let’s Start with a Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Gv0H-vPoDc

2. Last week, we reviewed: NOUN: Person, place, thing, or idea VERB: Action or state of being

3. Parts of Speech: New Parts of Speech: PRONOUN: Takes the place of a noun. 1. Personal Pronouns: Examples: I, me, he, she, they, it, we, us 2. Demonstrative Pronouns: Examples: This, That, These, Those 3. Reflexive Pronouns: which in different situations can be used as Intensive Pronouns Myself, Herself, Himself, Itself 4. Interrogative Pronouns: Used to ask questions (the word interrogate means to question someone) What, Which, Whose, Who, Whom, Whoever Practice: Exercise 1 on the bottom of page 553

4. Parts of Speech: ADJECTIVE: A word that describes a noun and answers the questions “What kind? Which one? How many? How often?” (See p. 560) Black car (“black” tells us more about the noun “car”) Four tires (“four” tells us how many tires) Thin jacket Constant noise Practice: Exercise 3 page 562 ONLY sentences 1-6

5. Parts of Speech: ADVERB: A word that describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. (See p. 587) He finished quickly. (Describes the verb “finished.”) That plate is extremely hot. (“extremely” describes the adjective “hot”) That dress is very beautiful. You can even use some adverbs with other adverbs He writes very neatly. (“Very” tells us more about “neatly,” and “neatly” tells us about the verb “writes.”) She knew she could fix the car extremely cheaply on her own. Practice: Exercise 4 on page 564

6. BREAK TIME Please return in 10-15 minutes

7. Discussing “The Secret Latina” – Cultural Issues This essay deals with a lot of cultural issues, and the author, Veronica Chambers, discusses how her cultural heritage impacted her identity in a variety of ways. One of the cultural issues this reading deals with is being bi- cultural. What does it mean to be bi-cultural? Do you or anyone you know have experience with being bi-cultural? Chambers discusses how she only constructed her cultural identity in one way as a child/teen, and that is was not until later that she embraced the other side of her heritage. Does what we choose to acknowledge or embrace as our culture have the most impact on our identity? Or does our neglected cultural heritage continue to affect us in spite of what we outwardly acknowledge?

8. Discussing “The Secret Latina” – Cultural Broker In this essay, Veronica Chambers takes a trip where she is introduced, or rather reintroduced, to the other side of her cultural heritage. What are the details she includes when she shares this trip with us? How do these details make us feel or think? What do they help us understand? If we were going to think about this essay in connection with our writing assignment, who would you say were Veronica Chambers’ “cultural brokers” during her visit to Panama?

9. The Basic Parts of an Essay Last week, we went over the basic steps to writing an essay. Today, we will go over the basic parts of an essay: Introduction Body Conclusion

10. First Paragraph: Introduction The purpose of an introduction is to set your reader up for the rest of the essay: Catch your reader’s attention, and get them interested in the topic. Give the some BREIF background on the topic if they need it to understand your main idea. Give them your main idea (thesis) that you will be expanding on and supporting in the rest of the essay.

11. Body Paragraphs This is the main part of your essay. This is where you expand on your topic and support you thesis with vivid description, background and explanations, and reflection on the significance of the events you are describing. Organize your body paragraphs so that each body paragraph has a main point that connects to the main point (thesis) of your entire essay. Make sure that the paragraphs are organized in a logical manner. Remember: you can move your paragraphs around!

12. Last Paragraph: The Conclusion The purpose of a conclusion is to conclude your essay in a way that lets your reader understand in a BREIF FORM what they have just read. Imagine it this way: You have just taken your reader on a journey in your essay. The purpose of the intro is to give your reader a mental "map" or preview of where you are going to take them. The purpose of the conclusion is to show them where they have been, yes, but also to emphasize the basic essential points you want them to walk away with. What do you really want them to remember and think about AFTER they are finished reading? THAT is the purpose of a conclusion.

13. Advice About Your Essay Some Important Reminders: – Make sure that you are telling a story not just sharing information about a culture. – Identify the most interesting parts of your story and spend the most time on those parts.

14. Brainstorming for Essay: First, think about all of the different cultures you are a part of. (Remember, culture does not have to be based on race or nationality. It can be based on religion, shared interests, or shared ideas.) Second, make a list of people who you have met who were new to one of your cultures. Third, make a list of times when you have been exposed to a different culture. Note: This might be a new country BUT it doesn’t have to be… You have probably been exposed to new cultures right here in Southern California. When you have your lists, think about which event is the most interesting. Which one do you have the most to say about? Start writing about that one.

15. Types of Outlines Freewrite Outlines Also called “chunking” Bullet Point Outlines Topic Outlines (also called Section Outlines or Formal Outlines) Section, subsection, and topic. These are usually for longer papers and research papers

16. Handy Tips Readers often pay the most attention to the points presented at the beginning of the text. Think of the outline as your writing plan.

17. How do I develop an outline? First: Determine the purpose of the paper What you want to say Determine the audience you are writing for Develop your main point and the examples you will use to support it.

18. Then Brainstorm List all the ideas you want to include in your paper. Organize Group related ideas together Order Arrange material in subsections from general to specific or from abstract to concrete Label Create main and subheadings

19. For the Rest of Class Work on creating an outline for your Narrative Essay rough draft. Read over the prompt and think about the advice on outlines I just gave you. Look over your brainstorming from earlier and use that to get started. Page 22 in your textbook also has some advice on outlines