1. Chapter 17

3. 11 th & 12 th Century (1000-1200) Increase in church construction due to the following: pilgrimages to visit relics (said to have healing powers) crusades (literally “taking of the cross”) merged the monastic with military growing cities, expansion, increased population many earlier churches destroyed by Norsemen needed buildings that were fire proof, hold large crowds, good acoustics and lighting

4. Basic Characteristics of Romanesque style: breaks from old basilica hall-like space with flat walls new interior divided into compartments (bays) clearly defined modular units, repeated round arch buttress cylindrical apse radiating chapels square/round towers portals (doorways) become important area for sculptural decoration

5. Diagram of a Romanesque portal

6. Church and Reliquary of Sainte ‐ Foy, Conques, France, c. 1050–1130

7. Interior & Plan

8. Tympanum (portal)

11. Reliquary statue of Sainte-Foy (Saint Faith), late 10th to early 11th century with later additions, gold, silver gilt, jewels, and cameos over a wooden core, 33 1/2 inches

12. Bayeux tapestry, c. 1070, embroidered wool on linen, 20 inches high (Bayeux Museum)

13. 4 Main Regions in Romanesque art, each with own characteristics France/Northern Spain Holy Roman Empire (Germany & Milan) Normandy/England Italy

14. France & Northern Spain

15. St. Sernin, Toulouse, France

16. St. Sernin Interior

17. Bernardus Gelduinus, Christ in Majesty, relief in ambulatory of Saint-Sernin. c. 1096

18. Cloister of Saint-Pierre, Moissac

19. Lions & Old Testament Prophet (Jeremiah or Isaiah?) Trumeau of south portal of St.-Pierre, Moissac, France

20. Giselbertus, Last Judgement, West tympanum of St.- Lazare, Autun 1120-1135

21. Morgan Madonna 12 th century painted wood

22. Holy Roman Empire

23. Speyer Cathedral, Germany

24. Sant’ Ambrogio, Milan 11 th -12 th century

25. Italy

26. Baptistery, Cathedral, and Campanile, in Pisa. 1053-1272

27. Baptistery of San Giovanni, Florence. dedicated 1059

28. San Miniato al Monte, Florence. 1062 and 12th century

29. Wiligelmo, Creation and Temptation of Adam and Eve. c. 1110, Modena Cathedral, frieze

30. King David by Benedetto Antelami. c. 1180-1190

31. Normandy & England

32. St.-Etienne, Caen. begun 1067

33. Durham Cathedral, England. beg. c. 1093