4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HdNn5TZu6R8 (from 0:41 to 2:20)

5. Ionian Revolt  gets Athenians involved in Persian Empire’s affairs Persia doesn’t forget this Want Revenge

6. Darius I (king of Persia)- decides to start small in his revenge plan Sends small fleet, which is able to move easily through the weaker city states in Northern Greece Persians gain confidence from this  send larger fleet Athenians’ prepare for Persian invasion Make bold move to abandon Athens and fight at Marathon instead

8. Greeks are the Underdog- have to rely on good fighting skills, good armor, and good strategy Outlast the Persians, who lost about 6,000 men Athenians lose only about 200 TURNING POINT  After this, Persians need to regroup and come up with new strategy Go home Are they done just yet?

9. After the Persian retreat Athenians discover several silver mines and decide to use that newfound wealth to boost the strength and size of their navy Between 489 BCE and 480 BCE  Athens expands its fleet to 220 triremes (the latest in warship technology) What’s a trireme? Triple decker warship- took about 170 oarsmen 31 on top level, 27 on middle level, 27 on lower level https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PCAV33AIbU8

10. Darius I, in the middle of plotting revenge, dies His son, Xerxes, takes over Xerxes = ambitious  wants ALL of Greece Athenians know they cant defeat Xerxes on their own Meet up with 31 other Greek city-states, who join in the fight against Persia Why is this a big deal?

11. Newly formed Greek Army wants to meet Persians at Thermopylae Traitor ruins the battle strategy Spartans decide to fight off the Persians, giving Greek army a chance to retreat

12. Persians closing in on Athens  Athenians evacuate and leave city defenseless Take to the Seas- this is where the Greeks’ strength is Corner the Persian fleet, win big TURNING POINT- tips the scales in the other direction

13. Greeks gain a sense of intense confidence- after all, they, the underdogs, had defeated the Mighty Persian Empire! Athens in particular gets glory Contribution at Marathon and Salamis Formation of Delian League- city- states band together Unified force to protect one another Alliance system Worked to recover financial losses Athens becomes de-facto leader

14. Athens’ gains confidence- they emerge as strongest city-state Political Explosion= Desire to strengthen government Desire to strengthen navy Becomes unofficial Leader of Delian League Cultural Explosion= “Glorify” Athens Cultural and political dominance= GOLDEN AGE

15. Since the Athenians and other Greeks could not assume that the Persians would not come back, they decided the best defense was a good offense, and formed an alliance known as the Delian League. 2. What role did the Persian wars play in undermining the democracy at Athens?