1. Acids, Bases, and pH Ch. 23 Chapter 6.3

2. What are Acids?  Donate hydrogen ions, H+  Forms H 3 O+( hydronium ion) when dissolved in water  Tastes sour-ex. lemons, vinegar  All acids conduct electricity WEAK  Acetic acid (vinegar) CH 3 COOH  Citric acid H 2 C 6 H 6 O 6 STRONG  Sulfuric acid H 2 SO 4  HCL

3. What are bases?  Substance that contains OH-  Reacts with water to form hydroxide ions Bitter taste Slippery Conduct electricity  Examples  Aluminum Hydroxide Al(OH)3  Magnesium Hydroxide Mg(OH)2  Sodium Hydroxide NaOH

5. Litmus Test Litmus paper: Blue paper to Red-Acid Red paper to Blue-Base

6. Neutralization Reactions  Acids and bases form water and  Acid Base reactions  Neutralize the reaction H + and OH - = H 2 O

7.  Each unit of pH represents factor of 10  The pH is the amount of H ions  Apple has a pH of 3  Coffee has a pH of 5  Apple juice is stronger by 2 units or 1x10 -3  Coffee is 1x10 -5