1. HYPERTENSION Outi Vehviläinen, MD Ilembula 23.11.2012

2.  120/80  120-139/80-89 pre- hypertension  140/90 or more: high blood pressure NORMAL BLOOD PRESSURE

3.  mild:140-159/90-99  moderate: 160-180/100-110  severe:>180/>110 HYPERTENSION IS CATEGORIZED

4.  Consistently elevated blood pressure >140/90 ◦ Frequent measurings  Primary-essential 95% ◦ Multifactorial  Secondary 5% ◦ Stenosis of renal artery ◦ Adrenal gland tumours ◦ Coarctation of the aorta HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE

5.  Uncomplicated hypertension usually symptomless (”silent killer”)  In many cases end organ damage is the first sign of hypertension SYMPTOMS

6.  Because of the risk of end organ damage ◦ Cardiac failure ◦ Stroke ◦ Renal failure ◦ Eye failure ◦ Aneurysms ◦ Atherosclerosis WHY TO TREAT?

7.  Change of lifestyle ◦ For all patients  Stop alcohol  Stop smoking  Less salt  Start exercising  Diet for obesity HOW TO TREAT?

8.  Medical treatment ◦ Diuretics ◦ Ca inhibitors ◦ Beta-blockers ◦ ACE-inhibitors ◦ Angiotensin receptor blockers HOW TO TREAT?

9.  Treatment of secondary hypertension ◦ Stenosis of the renal artery  Angioplasty ◦ Adrenal gland tumours  Surgery ◦ Coarctation of the aorta  Surgery HOW TO TREAT?

10. Thank you!