1. Case # 4 Clinical history An adult horse Acute onset of CNS signs

2. Case # 4 Clinical exam Mild fever Mild hypoglycemia No significant changes in CBC

3. Case # 4 Video

4. Case # 4 Neurological exam Lip twitching Mild ataxia Decreased sensation Mild depression

5. Case # 4 Neurological exam Consistent with multifocal encephalomyelitis Differential diagnosis: West Nile virus Western equine encephalitis virus Equine protozoal encephalomyelitis Equine herpes virus Rabies

6. Case # 4

8. Serology in live: ELISA positive for WNV Postmortem: IHC and PCR

9. Case # 4 In 2002 alone, WNV caused in NA: Illness in > 3,900 people > 200 fatalities Illness in >14,700 horses (and many died) Disease in wide range of species (143 free- ranging species of birds and 8 wild and 9 domestic mammalian species Leighton FA et al 2003

10. Case # 5 Clinical history Young adult cow Unilateral facial paralysis

11. Case # 5 Courtesy of Dr. S. Abutarbush

12. Case # 5 Clinical exam Mild fever Mildly inflammatory CBC Salivation Droopin ear Lowered eyelid

13. Case # 5 Neurological exam Consistent with unilateral encephalitis of the brain stem Differential diagnosis: Listeriosis ITEM Rabies PEM Brain abscess

14. Case # 5 Multifocal suppurative meningoencephalitis Histology: No gross lesions Necropsy:

15. Case # 5 Histology

16. Case # 6 Clinical history An adult horse Acute onset of depression Self traumatized face, right eye, muzzle and left fetlock

17. Case # 6 Clinical exam Head pressing Febrile Cortical blindness OD Right sided CN VII Paralysis

18. Case # 6 Clinical pathology CBC: anemia due to chronic disease Neutrophilia Hyperfibrinogenemia Hyperglobulinemia

19. Case # 6 Bacteriology Streptococcus equi Necropsy Cerebral abscessation

20. Case # 6 Slides

21. Case # 7 A rancher brought to you a mixed breed dog with multiple facial scratches. He suspected that his dog had a fight with a raccoon, because there was a dead raccoon in the backyard. One day before, a raccoon with strange behavior (not afraid) was observed around his house during the day. WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO DO?

22. Case # 7 Examine vaccination record Ask about the dead raccoon Contact district veterinarian (CFIA rep.) if you are not sure what to do next

23. Case # 7 You wanted to check some other CNS dz. but your client was already back with the raccoon. What are you going to do?

24. Case # 7 Dx: Non suppurative encephalitis with I/N and I/C inclusion bodies consistent with CDV Digital and nasal hyperkeratosis Conjunctivitis Comment: Immunohistochemistry for CDV was positive and rabies test negative

25. Case # 8 Courtesy of Dr. S. Abutarbush