2. 8th Amendment- prohibits excessive bail or fines ! Courts must be reasonable when enforcing fines or punishment.

3. Bail must be reasonable A $100,000 fine for running a red light would not be reasonable.

4. The main purpose of bail is to make sure the accused shows up form trial. If the judge is convinced you will show up bail will be low or you maybe released with no bail at all.

5. Prohibition against cruel or unusual punishment was originally meant to Prevent burning someone at the stake or branding them.

6. Capital Punishment- (Death Penalty) In 1972 the Court struck down all state capital punishment laws not because of cruel or unusual but because they were being applied unfairly against the poor and African Americans. Final paragraph 387

7. Types of Laws

8. Categories of Laws Criminal and Civil Laws are the two types that effect Americans most directly. They maintain peace and order in our society.

9. Criminal and Civil Law If you break either of these two types of law you will find yourself in a courtroom.

10. Criminal Law When someone commits a crime like murder they harm more then just the victim. An entire community can be effected.

11. Criminal Law

12. Civil Law-disputes between 2 different sides. Sidewalk example Plaintiff is the one who files the lawsuit. The Defendant- party being sued. Contract- an agreement between 2 or more parties.(Breach of contract)

13. Breach of Contract

14. Civil Law can involve family issues. Divorce Child Custody Adoption Alimony child support Spouse and child abuse

15. Constitutional Law Serves as the guiding light for our courts.

16. Administration Law Federal Aviation Agency- issues orders requiring airlines to install a new safety device.

17. International Law Refers to laws that affect the laws of the United States and other countries.