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Actinomyces & Nocardia
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Actinomyces A.israelii, A.naeslundii; Gram positive; sulfur granule; Related to decay tooth and peridentitis
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ACTINOMYCES Anaerobic, filamentous, gram positive bacillus
Exhibit true branching “Mykes” – Greek for “fungus” Thought by early microbiologist to be fungi because of: Morphology Disease they cause
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Clinical specimens:Actinomycosis-pus
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Actinomycosis
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Not highly virulent (Opportunist)
ACTINOMYCOSIS Not highly virulent (Opportunist) Component of Oral Flora Periodontal pockets Dental plaque Tonsilar crypts Take advantage of injury to penetrate mucosal barriers Coincident infection Trauma Surgery
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Actinomycosis A chronic suppurative and granulomatous肉芽肿disease of the cervico-facial, thoracic or abdominal areas
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ACTINOMYCOSIS Form indurated masses with fibrous walls and central loculations with pus Pus contains "Sulfur Granules" Gritty, yellow white Average diameter - 2mm Composed of mineralized “mycelial” mass Chronic infection Form burrowing sinus tracts to skin or mucus membranes Discharge purulent material
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Actinomycosis - sulfur granule
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Pulmonary Actinomycosis
15% of cases Aspiration of organism from the oropaharynx Slowly progressive process involving lung and pleura May be mistaken for malignancy Chest pain, fever, wgt loss and hemoptysis
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Mycetoma (足菌病) Streptomyces species?
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Nocardiosis Subcutaneous infections, pulmonary infections, and brain abscesses N. asteroides; N. brasiliensis
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Lab. Diagnosis Clinical Specimens:Sputum,Pus,Biopsy tissue
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Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim
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