2. Section 1 Check "Biology" comes from two Greek words, "bios" meaning life, and "logos" meaning study. Biology = the study of life.

3. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 The concepts, principles, and theories that allow people to understand the natural environment form the core of biology. A key aspect of biology is simply learning about the different types of living things around you. The Science of Biology

4. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 Life on Earth includes not only the common organisms you notice every day, but also distinctive life forms that have unusual behaviors. The Science of Biology

5. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 When studying the different types of living things, you’ll ask what, why, and how questions about life. The answers to such questions lead to the development of general biological principles and rules. The Science of Biology

6. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 One of the most general principles in biology is that living things do not exist in isolation; they are all functioning parts in the delicate balance of nature. Biologists study the interactions of life

7. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 Living things interact with their environment and depend upon other living and nonliving things to aid their survival. Biologists study the interactions of life

8. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 Through your study of biology, you will come to appreciate the great diversity of life on Earth and the way all living organisms fit into the dynamic pattern of life on our planet. Biologists study the Diversity of Life

9. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 Because no living things, including humans, exist in isolation, the study of biology must include the investigation of living interactions. The study of one living thing always involves the study of the others with which it interacts. Biologists study the interactions of the environment Biologists study the interactions of the environment

10. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 The study of biology will teach you how humans function and how we fit in with the rest of the natural world. It will also equip you with the knowledge you need to help sustain this planet’s web of life. Biologists study problems and propose solutions Biologists study problems and propose solutions

11. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 Biologists have formulated a list of characteristics by which we can recognize living things. Only when something has ALL of them can it then be considered living. Characteristics of Living Things

12. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 Anything that possesses all of the characteristics of life is known as an organism. Characteristics of Living Things

13. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 All living things: have an orderly structure produce offspring grow and develop adjust to changes in the environment Characteristics of Living Things

14. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 When biologists search for signs of life, one of the first things they look for is structure. That’s because they know that all living things show an orderly structure, or organization. Whether an organism is made up of one cell or billions of cells, all of its parts function together in an orderly, living system. Living things are organized

15. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 One of the most obvious of all the characteristics of life is reproduction, the production of offspring. Living things make more living things

16. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 Reproduction is not essential for the survival of an individual organism, but it is essential for the continuation of the organism’s species. A species is a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring in nature. Living things make more living things

17. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 Growth results in an increase in the amount of living material and the formation of new structures. All organisms grow, with different parts of the organism growing at different rates. All of the changes that take place during the life of an organism are known as its development. Living things change during their lives

18. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 Organisms live in a constant interface with their surroundings, or environment, which includes the air, water, weather, temperature, any other organisms in the area, and many other factors. Living things adjust to their surroundings

19. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 Anything in an organism’s external or internal environment that causes the organism to react is a stimulus. A reaction to a stimulus is a response. Living things adjust to their surroundings

20. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 Regulation of an organism’s internal environment to maintain conditions suitable for its survival is called homeostasis. Living things reproduce themselves, grow and develop, respond to external stimuli, and maintain homeostasis by using energy. Energy is the ability to cause change. Living things adjust to their surroundings

21. Section 1.1 Summary – pages 3-10 Any structure, behavior, or internal process that enables an organism to respond to environmental factors and live to produce offspring is called an adaptation. Adaptations are inherited from previous generations The gradual change in a species through adaptations over time is evolution. Living things adapt and evolve

22. Section 1 Check Question 1 How does society benefit from the study of biology? (TX Obj 3; 12E)

23. Section 1 Check Benefits include advances in medical treatments and disease prevention, learning more about how the human body functions, increasing knowledge of human relationships and better understanding of how to sustain the web of life on Earth.

24. Section 1 Check Question 2 What is the origin of the term "biology"? (TX Obj 1)

25. Section 1 Check "Biology" comes from two Greek words, "bios" meaning life, and "logos" meaning study. Biology = the study of life.

26. Section 1 Check Question 3 What are some characteristics of living things? (TX Obj 2)

27. Section 1 Check All living things have an orderly structure, produce offspring, grow and develop, and adjust to changes in the environment. Sometimes nonliving things have one or more of these characteristics, but unless something has all of them it is not considered to be a living thing. These plants are called Lithops from the Greek lithos, meaning “stone.” Although they don’t appear to be so, Lithops are just as alive as elephants. Both species possess all of the characteristics of life.

28. Section 1 Check Question 4 A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring is a(n) __________. D. niche C. environment B. species A. organization

29. Section 1 Check The answer is B, species.

30. Section 1 Check Question 5 What is the importance of homeostasis? (TX Obj 2; 4B)

31. Section 1 Check Homeostasis is the regulation of an organism's internal environment to maintain conditions suitable for survival. An example is the adjustment an organism makes in the amount of water in its cells; without the ability to make such adjustments, organisms die.

32. Section 1 Check Question 6 Which of the following is an example of an adaptation? (TX Obj 3; 7B) D. all the changes that take place during the lifetime of an organism C. possessing large eyes for efficient night vision B. changing only one condition at a time during an experiment A. the gradual change in a species over time

33. Section 1 Check The answer is C. A structure, behavior or internal process that enables an organism to respond to environmental factors and live to reproduce is an adaptation. Evolution is the gradual change of a species over time and occurs through adaptations.