1. Compromise in the Creating of the Constitution

2. Problems at Convention No obvious agreement on –Power of Congress vs. Executive –Representation of States –Counting of Slaves in taxes and representation

3. The Virginia Plan – Written by James Madison Branches Three - legislative, executive, judicial. Legislature was more powerful, it chose executive and judicial branches. Legislature Two houses (bicameral) House of Representatives elected by the people Senate elected by the state legislatures Both were represented proportionally. Other Powers Legislature regulated interstate trade strike down state laws deemed unconstitutional use armed forces to enforce laws Central Government A very strong central government, but used as a Federal System, where it shared power with states

4. The New Jersey Plan - William Patterson Branches Three - legislative, executive, and judicial. Legislature appoints people to serve in the exec. branch Exec. branch selects the justices of Supreme Court. Legislature One house (unicameral). States represented equally, so all states have same power. (If 7 smallest states voted together, could give them power even though they had only 25% of the population Other Powers The national government could levy taxes and import duties regulate trade state laws would be subordinate to laws passed by the national legislature.

5. The Great Compromise – by Roger Sherman Branches Three - legislative, executive, and judicial. All share power equally so that there was a balance of power. Legislature Two houses (bicameral). House of Representatives elected by people, proportionate based on population Senate elected by state legislatures, all states had equal representation. Satisfied All 1)If preferred gov. by the people it allowed voters to participate directly in choosing reps. 2) If defended states’ rights it preserved the power of the state legislatures 3) Big states and little states liked the form of representation

6. The Three Fifths Compromise – James Madison Conflict over whether to count slaves in the senate All approved this compromise except RI and NH Count 3/5 of a state's slave population in apportioning: – Representatives –Presidential electors – direct taxes Compromise b/c: Non-slave states won’t worry about not having as many in their population slave states won’t worry about paying full taxes on each slave ALSO: Southern states weary Congress would interfere with the slave trade, agreement made that Congress could not interfere with the Slave trade for “20 years” James Madison, not happy with last aspect about this because I think it will hurt our nation in 20 years.