1. ARTHROPODA
Phylum

2. Major Classes Arachnids: spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites Millipedes
Centipedes
Insects: beetles, flies, wasps, bees, grasshoppers, crickets
Crustaceans: crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, barnacles, copepods

3. Common Features of Arthropods
Exoskeleton(external skeleton) is made of layers of protein and chitin, provides attachments for muscles, and is impermeable to water.
Molting: shedding of cuticle in order to secrete a larger one. Makes the arthropod vulnerable.
Open circulatory system: hemolymph fluid flows through open spaces (sinuses) which surround organs and tissues. Important for nutrient transport.
molting spider

4. Common Features of Arthropods (cont.)
Tracheal system: branched tubes with chitin lining that carry O2 directly to cells (insects only)
Spiracles: openings in exoskeleton that allow air to enter tracheal system (insects only)

5. Two body plans
Head, thorax, abdomen
Cephalothorax, abdomen

6. Insects: Mandibles and lots of mouth parts

7. Unique Arthropod Features
Mandibles: jaw-like feeding apparatuses contained by unimarians (centipedes, millipedes, insects) and crustaceans
camel spider eating a frog

8. Camel Spider (class Arachnida; order Solifugae)
camel spider eating a frog
It does not spin webs or have book lungs. Many rumors about the camel spiders’ speed, size and venom. In the middle east, it was said that these big, fast spiders would come into your tent at night and inject an anaesthetizing venom that would put its victims to sleep and feed on victim leaving a gaping wound. This is false, except that they do leave a large bite prone to infection.

9. Spider Feeding
Spiders use a fang like chelicerae equipped with poison glands to kill prey caught in web. Instead of fully chewing their prey, the spider will spill digestive juices onto prey. This softens the food and the spider will suck up the liquid.

10. Unique Arthropod Features (cont.)
Antennae: sensory organs that come in pairs on the organism’s head
Compound eyes: eyes with many parts and multiple separate focusing elements

11. Metamorphosis: a relatively abrupt change in form or structure
Life Cycle
Metamorphosis: a relatively abrupt change in form or structure

12. Incomplete Metamorphosis: grasshoppers
Young are similar to adults, but have different body proportions and are smaller. There are a series of molts that eventually lead to the organism reaching full size.

13. Complete Metamorphosis
There are several distinct stages:
Larval stage - specialized for eating and growing
Pupal Stage - actual change occurs
Adult stage - specialized for reproduction

14. Centipede vs. milliped e
Centipede; fangs, venom,carnivore, fast moving 1 pair of legs per segment
Millipede: slow, herbivore, rounder body, 2 pairs of legs per segment
giant millipede
giant cenitpede eating a tarantula

15. More Arthopod
monarch emerges
nymph dragonfly: incomplete metamorphosis
bee hive
lobster walk
pistol shrimp
mantis shrimp