1. Gong-Bo Zhao NAOC and Portsmouth Understanding the Accelerating Universe

2. September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China Nobel Prize 2011

3. Cosmic Acceleration September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China Dark Energy Modified Gravity

4. September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China Weak Lensing Galaxy Counts ISW KDUST Euclid

5. September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China Thirty-Meter Telescope (TMT) DE: Supernovae MG: Galaxy dynamics

6. DE studies September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China

7. Dark Energy Negative pressure: Candidates ： Vacuum energy : w = -1 Dynamical fields: Quintessence w (a)>-1 Phantom w (a)<-1 Quintom w (a) across -1

8. September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China GBZ, Xinmin Zhang, Phys.Rev.D81, 043518, 2010 宇宙学参数整体拟合 w(a)=w 0 +w a (1-a) Reconstruct w(a) parametrically Current data Simulated LSST data

9. September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China GBZ, Dragan Huterer, Xinmin Zhang Phys.Rev.D 77, 121302 (Rapid Communications), 2008 Reconstruct w(a) non-parametrically Real data circa 2008

10. September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China GBZ, Crittenden, Pogosian, Zhang (arXiv: 1207.3804, PRL submitted) Real data circa 2012 2.5 s detection of dynamical dark energy from the latest data!

11. September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China

12. September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China GBZ, Crittenden, Pogosian, Zhang (arXiv: 1207.3804, PRL submitted) >5 s detection of dynamical dark energy from the mock Euclid data! Real data circa 2012

13. GR test September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China

14. In GR September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China

15. In f(R) September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China lClC

16. In very dense regions September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China lClC

17. September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China High-density region Normal gravity Low-density region Stronger gravity

18. September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China Numerical Simulations 1011.1257 GBZ, B.Li, K.Koyama, PRD 11

19. September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China 256 3 particles @ z=0, Box=64 Mpc/h Movie produced by Claudio Gheller GRf(R)

20. September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China GR

21. September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China f(R)

22. September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China

23. So, if GR got modified, there would be a displacement between the optical (stellar) component and the HI (gas component) centroids of the dwarf galaxies! MaNGA, TMT should be able to see it!! September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China GR TEST 1

24. First, pick up the unscreened galaxies September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China A 3D screening map of the galaxies in the SDSS region Cabre, Vikram, GBZ, Jain and Koyama, 1204.6046, JCAP 2012

25. Then measure the offset! (in progress) September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China

26. September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China Jain and Vanderplas, 1106.0065 GR TEST 2: use the rotation curve

27. September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China GR TEST 3: Compare the lensing mass to the dynamical mass

28. Structure formation in GR COSMO12, Beijing China September 13, 2012

29. Structure formation in f(R) COSMO12, Beijing China September 13, 2012

30. Dynamical Mass COSMO12, Beijing China September 13, 2012

31. Dynamical Mass COSMO12, Beijing China September 13, 2012

32. Dynamical Mass COSMO12, Beijing China Spherical symmetry September 13, 2012

33. Lensing Mass COSMO12, Beijing China September 13, 2012

34. Lensing Mass COSMO12, Beijing China September 13, 2012

35. Lensing Mass COSMO12, Beijing China Spherical symmetry September 13, 2012

36. COSMO12, Beijing China Mass Difference September 13, 2012

37. COSMO12, Beijing China September 13, 2012 GBZ, Baojiu Li, Kazuya Koyama (1105.0922,PRL 2011)

38. COSMO12, Beijing China Clean mass dependence! September 13, 2012

39. COSMO12, Beijing China September 13, 2012

40. COSMO12, Beijing China Large scatter shows the environmental effect!! September 13, 2012

41. COSMO12, Beijing China September 13, 2012

42. COSMO12, Beijing China Apparent environmental dependence!! September 13, 2012

43. COSMO12, Beijing China September 13, 2012

44. COSMO12, Beijing China No screening! September 13, 2012

45. COSMO12, Beijing China September 13, 2012

46. COSMO12, Beijing China Maximum screening Core is better screened September 13, 2012

47. COSMO12, Beijing China September 13, 2012

48. COSMO12, Beijing China Screened purely by environment September 13, 2012

49. COSMO12, Beijing China September 13, 2012

50. COSMO12, Beijing China Screening on the edge shows environmental dependence! September 13, 2012

51. Observationally… COSMO12, Beijing China Lensing MassDynamical Mass September 13, 2012

52. Measure lensing and dynamical mass for each halo; Divide the sample using D; Compare! COSMO12, Beijing China September 13, 2012

53. Measure lensing and dynamical mass for each halo; Divide the sample using D; Compare! COSMO12, Beijing China Apply to future data (BOSS, MaNGA, TMT?) September 13, 2012

54. Summary Using the observables on large scales (CMB, BAO, RSD, etc), the constraint on w(z) will be significantly improved by the data of Planck (2013-), BOSS (2012-2014), DES (2012-), Euclid (2020-); Using the observables on small scales (strong lensing, galaxy dynamics), GR can be tested to an unprecedented precision in the coming years(MaNGA, TMT…) September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China

55. September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China R.G.Crittenden, Gong-Bo Zhao, L.Pogosian, L.Samushia, X.Zhang arXiv: 1112. 1693 (2011) 简单，准确，可以用于所有类型的天文数据 非参数化方法重组 w(a) 未来 Euclid 数据模拟

56. September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China Model-independent reconstruction of w Crittenden, Pogosian, GBZ (JCAP 2009) Crittenden, GBZ, Pogosian, Samushia, Zhang (JCAP 2012)

57. Hide w(z) models in the mock Euclid data September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China

58. w reconstructed successfully Crittenden, GBZ, Pogosian, Samushia, Zhang (JCAP 2012) September 13, 2012 COSMO12, Beijing China Straightforward to apply to KDUST data!