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What do all these molecules have in common?

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Presentation on theme: "What do all these molecules have in common?"— Presentation transcript:

1 What do all these molecules have in common?
What kind of compounds are shown in the pictures?

2 What is the # of atoms of the following elements: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen?
What is the C:H:O ratio? What do this molecules are made of? How do you say that in Greek? What is another word to say “Carbohydrate”? What is about the shape?

3 Do Now: What kind of molecules are these? What is the C:H:O ratio? What does the word “carbohydrate” mean?

4 Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, usually in a ratio of 1:2:1 They dissolve in water and their color is white. Living things use carbohydrates as their main source of energy. The breakdown of sugar, such as glucose, supplies immediate energy for all cell activities. Plants and some animals also use carbohydrates for structural purposes. For example, cellulose gives the plant much of their strength and rigidity. Cellulose is the major component of both wood and paper, so you are actually looking at cellulose as you read these words!

5 Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen 1:2:1
Organic 1. Carbohydrates are (organic/ inorganic) __________ molecules compounds. 2.They are made of the following elements: 3. The ratio between carbon, hydrogen and oxygen is the same as __________ 4. They dissolve in _____________, usually their color is __________________ 5. The jobs of carbohydrates are Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen 1:2:1 water white 1. Carbohydrates are the main source of energy 2. It gives plants strength and rigidity

6 Living things store extra sugar as complex carbohydrates known as starches
Single sugar molecules are also called monosaccharides. Simple sugar include glucose, galactose, which is a component of milk, and fructose, which is found in many fruits. fructose galactose

7 The large macromolecules formed from simple sugar are known as complex sugar (polysaccharides).
Many animals store excess sugar in a polysaccharide called glycogen, or animal starch. When the level of glucose in your blood runs low, glycogen is released from your liver. The glycogen stored in your muscles supplies the energy for muscle contraction and thus, for movement. Plants use a slightly different polysaccharide, called plant starch, to store excess sugar. Starch is present in potato, rice, and corn. Starch

8 Simple sugar Simple sugar Starch Complex sugar Complex sugar Complex sugar

9 Ribose, glucose, deoxyribose
1. Base on the handout with pictures of carbohydrates, arrange the pictures into simple sugar (monosaccharides) and complex sugar (polysaccharides). Simple sugar (monosaccharides): Complex sugar (polysaccharides): Ribose, glucose, deoxyribose Cellulose, glycogen, starch fruit, potato, rice, corn, pasta, bread 2. We eat carbohydrates in food, like 3. Glucose is important because 4. Starch is present in Its function is 5. Glycogen is present in 6. Cellulose is present in It supplies energy for all cell activities Plants (potato, rice, corn) To store excess sugar in plants Animal muscles and liver To store excess sugar in animal and supply energy to muscles Plants (wood and cell walls), paper To provide strength and rigidity in plants

10 Carbohydrates Source of energy Simples Sugar Complex Sugar Glucose
2 kinds of carboohydrates Function Source of energy Simples Sugar Complex Sugar In animals In plants Three examples Glucose Ribose Fructose Function Glycogen Starch Structural purposes Giving strength and rigidity Cellulose Found in Found in Found in Found in Muscle Liver Paper Cell wall Milk Fruit Potato Rice Function Function Function Store excess sugar in plants Stores excess sugar in animals Gives strength rigidity

11 CHARACTERISTICS or TRAITS
CARBOHYDRATES CHARACTERISTICS or TRAITS FUNCTION GLUCOSE Drawing Where do you find it? Function STARCH CELLULOSE GLYCOGEN

12 Content Poster includes at least 4 carbohydrates traits Poster describes 2 functions of carbohydrates Poster includes information about the main carbohydrates Function Where these carbohydrates can be found Pictures Poster Presentation Poster is well organize The information is clearly posted Poster is neat Collaboration with peers Each student is actively involved All group members participated equally Presentation to class Each student participate in the presentation Group presentation is clear and the information is accurate

13 Which elements are carbohydrates made of?
What are the two functions (jobs) of carbohydrates? Give two examples of carbohydrates. Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen They are the main source of energy Plants and animals use carbohydrates for structural purposes Glucose, starch, glycogen, cellulose

14 carbohydrates Iodine

15 Glucose Cellulose

16 Monosaccharide Simple sugar Polysaccharide Complex sugar

17 Glycogen Starch

18 Rigidity Strength The quality of being strong
The quality of being inflexible, stiff, firm, or rigid


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