1. Charge and Matter I Charged Conductor (metal sphere) Q Uncharged Conductor (metal sphere) Q’ = 0

2. Charge and Matter I Contact, then separate

3. Charge and Matter I Charged Conductor (metal sphere) Q final = Q/2 Uncharged Conductor (metal sphere) Q’ final = Q/2

4. Charge and Matter I’ Small Conductor (metal sphere) Q Large Conductor (sphere) Q’ = 0

5. Charge and Matter I’ Contact, then separate

6. Charge and Matter I’ Small Conductor (metal sphere) Q final << Q/2 Large Conductor (sphere) Q’ final approx Q (!) “earthing” (aka “grounding”) a conductor

7. Charge and Matter II Charged Conductor (metal sphere) Q Uncharged Conductor (metal sphere) Q’ = 0

8. Charge and Matter II Charged Conductor (metal sphere) Q Split the Uncharged Conductor Q’ = 0

9. Charge and Matter II Charged Conductor (metal sphere) Q Separate the split the Uncharged Conductor Q left ’ < 0 Q right ’ > 0

10. Charge and Matter III Charged Conductor (metal sphere) Q Uncharged Insulator (glass sphere) Q’ = 0

11. Charge and Matter III Charged Conductor (metal sphere) Q Split the Uncharged Insulator Q’ = 0

12. Charge and Matter III Charged Conductor (metal sphere) Q Separate the Split Uncharged Insulator Q left ’ = 0 Q right ’ = 0

13. Charge and Matter IV Charged Conductor (metal sphere) Q Uncharged Insulator (glass sphere) Q’ = 0 Thales of Miletus: “a rubbed piece of amber attracts papyrus”

14. Matter can be “charged” The “charge” can be transferred “Charge” can be positive or negative Conductors v. Insulators “Charge” is conserved