1. CompTIA A+ Guide to Managing & Maintaining Your PC By: JEAN ANDREW Computer Maintenance Chapter 1: Computer Basics Knowledge

2. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 2 Objectives After you have completed this lesson, you will be able to: Identify main part of computer hard ware Describe name and purpose of many different hardware components Describe how data and instruction are stored in computer

3. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 3 Scenario In this chapter, you will learn: Hardware Needs Software to Work PC Hardware Components –Hardware Used For Input And Output –Hardware Inside The Computer Case –The Motherboard –Processor and the Chipset –Storage Devices –Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices –Interface (Expansion) Cards –The Electrical System –Instructions Stored on the Motherboard and Other Boards

4. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 4 Hardware Needs Software to Work Hardware: the computer’s physical components Software: the set of instructions that directs hardware to accomplish a task Software uses hardware for input, processing, output and storage All letters and numbers are stored in a computer as a series of bits

5. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 5 Hardware Needs Software to Work

6. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 6 Scenario In this chapter, you will learn: Hardware Needs Software to Work PC Hardware Components –Hardware Used For Input And Output –Hardware Inside The Computer Case –The Motherboard –Processor and the Chipset –Storage Devices –Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices –Interface (Expansion) Cards –The Electrical System –Instructions Stored on the Motherboard and Other Boards

7. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 7 Hardware Used for Input and Output Communication through wireless connection or cables attached at a port Most popular input devices: –Keyboard –Mouse Most popular output devices: –Monitor –Printer

8. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 8 Hardware Used for Input and Output

9. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 9 Scenario In this chapter, you will learn: Hardware Needs Software to Work PC Hardware Components –Hardware Used For Input And Output –Hardware Inside The Computer Case –The Motherboard –Processor and the Chipset –Storage Devices –Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices –Interface (Expansion) Cards –The Electrical System –Instructions Stored on the Motherboard and Other Boards

10. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 10 Hardware Inside the Computer Case

11. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 11 Scenario In this chapter, you will learn: Hardware Needs Software to Work PC Hardware Components –Hardware Used For Input And Output –Hardware Inside The Computer Case –The Motherboard –Processor and the Chipset –Storage Devices –Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices –Interface (Expansion) Cards –The Electrical System –Instructions Stored on the Motherboard and Other Boards

12. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 12 The motherboard

13. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 13 The motherboard

14. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 14 Scenario In this chapter, you will learn: Hardware Needs Software to Work PC Hardware Components –Hardware Used For Input And Output –Hardware Inside The Computer Case –The Motherboard –Processor and the Chipset –Storage Devices –Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices –Interface (Expansion) Cards –The Electrical System –Instructions Stored on the Motherboard and Other Boards

15. The Processor and Chipset Copyright © 2007 - CIST 15

16. The Processor and Chipset Copyright © 2007 - CIST 16 Figure 1-10 The processor The chipset

17. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 17 Scenario In this chapter, you will learn: Hardware Needs Software to Work PC Hardware Components –Hardware Used For Input And Output –Hardware Inside The Computer Case –The Motherboard –Processor and the Chipset –Storage Devices –Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices –Interface (Expansion) Cards –The Electrical System –Instructions Stored on the Motherboard and Other Boards

18. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 18 Storage devices Temporary and permanent CPU uses temporary storage to hold both data and instructions while processing When data and instructions are not being used, they are kept in permanent storage

19. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 19 Primary storage Provided by devices called memory or Random Access Memory (RAM) Types include SIMMs, DIMMs, and RIMMs Information stored here is lost when the computer is turned off RAM

20. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 20 Secondary storage Data and instructions permanently stored on devices such as hard drives, CDs, DVDs, USB flash drives, and floppy disks Cannot be processed by the CPU until copied into primary storage Hard diskCD-ROM USB flash Floppy drive

21. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 21 Secondary storage

22. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 22 Communication among devices

23. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 23 Scenario In this chapter, you will learn: Hardware Needs Software to Work PC Hardware Components –Hardware Used For Input And Output –Hardware Inside The Computer Case –The Motherboard –Processor and the Chipset –Storage Devices –Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices –Interface (Expansion) Cards –The Electrical System –Instructions Stored on the Motherboard and Other Boards

24. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 24 Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices

25. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 25 Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices

26. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 26 Scenario In this chapter, you will learn: Hardware Needs Software to Work PC Hardware Components –Hardware Used For Input And Output –Hardware Inside The Computer Case –The Motherboard –Processor and the Chipset –Storage Devices –Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices –Interface (Expansion) Cards –The Electrical System –Instructions Stored on the Motherboard and Other Boards

27. Interface (Expansion) Cards Copyright © 2007 - CIST 27

28. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 28 Scenario In this chapter, you will learn: Hardware Needs Software to Work PC Hardware Components –Hardware Used For Input And Output –Hardware Inside The Computer Case –The Motherboard –Processor and the Chipset –Storage Devices –Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices –Interface (Expansion) Cards –The Electrical System –Instructions Stored on the Motherboard and Other Boards

29. Electrical System Copyright © 2007 - CIST 29 The Power supply Inside the Power supply

30. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 30 The Electrical System Converts and reduces energy to a voltage that the computer can handle 110 to 220 AC power from wall outlet is converted to a much lower DC voltage Older style: ±5 or ± 12 volts DC Newer style: 3.3, ± 5, ± 12 volts DC Runs fan to keep temperature under 85°C

31. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 31 Scenario In this chapter, you will learn: Hardware Needs Software to Work PC Hardware Components –Hardware Used For Input And Output –Hardware Inside The Computer Case –The Motherboard –Processor and the Chipset –Storage Devices –Motherboard Components Used for Communication Among Devices –Interface (Expansion) Cards –The Electrical System –Instructions Stored on the Motherboard and Other Boards

32. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 32 Instruction Stored on Motherboard and Other Boards ROM (Read Only Memory) Chips BIOS: Basic input/output system –System BIOS –Startup BIOS –CMOS setup Flash ROM allows for overwriting software on the chip CMOS RAM or just CMOS support by CMOS battery

33. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 33 ACPI standard Supports power-saving features Standards developed by Intel, Microsoft, Toshiba, Compaq, and Phoenix. ACPI allows for powering up a system by an external device such as a keyboard

34. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 34 Plug and Play (PnP) A standard allowing for easier installation of new hardware Begins the process of configuring hardware devices in the system Passes information on to the operating system

35. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 35 Motherboard configuration settings CMOS configuration chip, CMOS setup chip or the CMOS RAM chip Contains a very small amount of memory Holds configuration or setup about the computer Remembers current date and time, hard drive and floppy drive information and port configuration, and more

36. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 36 Motherboard configuration settings

37. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 37 Motherboard configuration settings

38. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 38 Review vocabulary expansion cardexpansion slotAGP slot PCI slotISA slotbus biosfirmwarechipset DIMMRIMMCMOS VGAsound cardflash ROM system boardCPUHDD temporarystoragememory hardwaresoftwareOS ACPIserial portparallel port jumperdriverplug and play (PnP) FDDCD-ROMpower supply inputoutputprocess ramROMSIMM storagepermanentstorage

39. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 39 Summary A computer requires both hardware and software to work Input, Output, Processing, Storage of data Motherboard is the most important component inside the computer Many components inside the computer are required for execution of the four functions of the microcomputer

40. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 40 QUIZ – Choose the correct answer How many CD drives does you system have? - 1- 2 - 3- 4 How many Floppy drives does you system have? - 1- 2 - 3- 4 What a computer requires? - Software- Hardware - Both (software & hardware) What is the most important component of a computer? - Floppy drive- Motherboard - CD drive- Temporary storage

41. Copyright © 2007 - CIST 41 Question Questions? Video ‘chapter 1/Examining back of PC’ Video ‘chapter 1/Looking inside a PC’ Video ‘chapter 1/Looking at motherboards’ Video ‘chapter 1/Identifying drives’ Video ‘chapter 1/Identifying expansion cards ’ and now it’s time to practice