1. Specimen Collections

2. Urine Specimens Random specimen Clean-voided or midstream specimen
Sterile specimen
Timed urine specimen
Urine Collection in Children

3. Urine Specimens Clean catch midstream Explain procedure
Open kit – surgical asepsis
Female: clean front to back, hold labia apart for collection
Male: cleanse end of penis, circular motion
Initiate stream, then collect specimen

4. Clean catch midstream (cont.)
Urine Specimens
Clean catch midstream (cont.)
Label on specimen
Biohazard bag
Requisition on outside of bag

5. Sterile (from catheter)
Urine Specimens
Sterile (from catheter)
Clamp below port
Wipe port with antimicrobial swab
Insert needle (3ml; 23-25g)
Aspirate 3-5 ml.
Transfer urine aseptically to container
Label, bag, requisition

6. Urine Specimens Timed Specimens creatinine clearance
protein quanitification
adrenocortical steroids

7. Timed Specimens (cont.)
Urine Specimens
Timed Specimens (cont.)
Begins: after client voids
Discard sample and indicate starting time on:
1) Collection container
2) Lab requisition slip
3) Bathroom or bedside

8. Timed Specimens (cont.)
Urine Specimens
Timed Specimens (cont.)
Collect in clean container
Empty into large container immediately
On ice or preservative
Void at end of time & send to lab

9. Collection in children
Urine Specimens
Collection in children
Clear plastic single use bags
Do not squeeze urine from diaper

10. Common tests done on urine
UA = urinalysis
Specific Gravity
Urine Culture

11. Urinalysis (normal values)
pH ( ) average 6.0
Protein (none)
Glucose (none)
Ketones (none)
Blood (up to 2 RBC’S)
Specific gravity ( )
WBC’S (0-4)
Bacteria (none)
Casts (none)

12. Fecal Specimens Ch. 45 Hemacult or guaiac Ova and Parasites
Culture and Sensitivity

13. Indications for collection:
Fecal Specimens
Indications for collection:
Tumors
Hemorrhage
Infection

14. Fecal Specimens Collection: Pt. instruction
Can not be mixed with water or urine
1 inch formed stool
15-30 ml liquid, diarheal stool
Avoid delays in sending
Ova and Parasites: require keeping warm

15. Fecal Specimens Guaiac Fecal occult blood FOBT Hemacult – most common
Microscopic amounts of blood
Screening for: colon ca, anticoagulants, GI disorders

16. Sputum Specimens
Culture
Cytology
AFB = Tuberculosis

17. Sputum Specimens Collection: Teach to cough effectively
Keep inside of container sterile
Document: color, consistency, amt, odor
Early morning specimen

18. GLUCOMETER
Blood glucose
Normal values
Indications for checking

19. Review Questions
In a timed urine collection, any missed specimens will extend the end time.
TRUE OR FALSE?

20. Review Questions
When collecting a urine specimen from an infant – it is OK to squeeze urine from the diaper?
TRUE OR FALSE?

21. Review Questions A urine culture can be obtained from a urinalysis
TRUE OR FALSE?

22. Review Questions
If a client is taking iron supplements, the hemacult test will show a false positive.
TRUE OR FALSE?

23. Review Questions
When collecting a stool specimen for ova a parasites, the nurse should refrigerate the specimen untill it can be transported to the lab
TRUE OR FALSE?

24. Review Questions
When is the best time to obtain a sputum specimen?