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Presentation for All India Service Officers under PMKSY MICROIRRIGATION FOR ENHANCING WATER PRODUCTIVITY T. B. S. Rajput Emeritus Scientist Water Technology Centre, IARI, New Delhi
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Evolution of Indian Irrigation: Era of adaptive irrigation up to 1830 COMMUNITY
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Evolution of Indian Irrigation: Era of adaptive irrigation up to 1830 COMMUNITY Era of canal construction 1830-1970 STATE
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Evolution of Indian Irrigation: Era of adaptive irrigation up to 1830 COMMUNITY Era of canal construction 1830-1970 STATE Era of pump Irrigation 1970-todate INDIVIDUAL FARMER
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Overall irrigation efficiency 38% 27% in Krishna Godavari, Kaveri and Mahanadi river systems 43 to 47% in Indus and Ganga river systems 70 to 80% in areas irrigated by groundwater
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Overall irrigation efficiency 38% 27% in Krishna Godavari, Kaveri and Mahanadi river systems 43 to 47% in Indus and Ganga river systems 70 to 80% in areas irrigated by groundwater
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Overall irrigation efficiency 38% 27% in Krishna Godavari, Kaveri and Mahanadi river systems 43 to 47% in Indus and Ganga river systems 70 to 80% in areas irrigated by groundwater
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Overall irrigation efficiency 38% 27% in Krishna Godavari, Kaveri and Mahanadi river systems 43 to 47% in Indus and Ganga river systems 70 to 80% in areas irrigated by groundwater
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Overall irrigation efficiency 38% 27% in Krishna Godavari, Kaveri and Mahanadi river systems 43 to 47% in Indus and Ganga river systems 70 to 80% in areas irrigated by groundwater
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Overall irrigation efficiency 38% 27% in Krishna Godavari, Kaveri and Mahanadi river systems 43 to 47% in Indus and Ganga river systems 70 to 80% in areas irrigated by groundwater
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Overall irrigation efficiency 38% 27% in Krishna Godavari, Kaveri and Mahanadi river systems 43 to 47% in Indus and Ganga river systems 70 to 80% in areas irrigated by groundwater
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IRRIGATION ???
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IRRIGATION METHODS Border Irrigation
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IRRIGATION METHODS Border Irrigation Check basin irrigation
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IRRIGATION METHODS Border Irrigation Check basin irrigation Furrow irrigation
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Sprinklers Micro sprinklers Misters/ Foggers Drip systems IRRIGATION METHODS Border Irrigation Check basin irrigation Furrow irrigation * Micro irrigation
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Conventional surface irrigation
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Conventional surface irrigation Drip irrigation
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MICROIRRIGATION Micro-irrigation: “an irrigation method that applies water slowly to roots of plants, by depositing water either on the soil surface or directly to the root zone, through a network of valves, pipes, tubing, emitters.” Simcha Blass
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MICROIRRIGATION Micro-irrigation: “an irrigation method that applies water slowly to roots of plants, by depositing water either on the soil surface or directly to the root zone, through a network of valves, pipes, tubing, emitters.” Simcha Blass
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MICROIRRIGATION Micro-irrigation: “an irrigation method that applies water slowly to roots of plants, by depositing water either on the soil surface or directly to the root zone, through a network of valves, pipes, tubing, emitters.” Simcha Blass Overhead laterals Surface palced laterals Sub surface placed laterals Annular space placed
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Adoption of Drip Widely spaced fruit crops Widely spaced Orchards
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Adoption of Drip Close spaced row crops Widely spaced fruit crops Row crops (Vegetables) Widely spaced Orchards
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Adoption of Drip Close spaced row crops Widely spaced fruit crops Row crops (Vegetables) Water guzzling crop, rice Closely spaced cereals, wheat Widely spaced Orchards
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FERTIGATION
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Fertigation equipments FERTIGATION
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NutrientFUE (%) Conven tional Dri p Drip + Fert. Nitrogen30-506595 Phosphorous203045 Potassium506080 Fertilizer use efficiency Fertigation equipments FERTIGATION
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NutrientFUE (%) Conven tional Dri p Drip + Fert. Nitrogen30-506595 Phosphorous203045 Potassium506080 Fertilizer use efficiency Fertigation equipments FERTIGATION
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Different kinds of micro sprinkler/ sprinkler systems
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DripSprinklerTotal Cereals-27.6 Pulses-7.6 Oil seeds3.81.14.9 Cotton7.01.88.8 Vegetables3.62.46.0 Spices1.41.02.4 Flowers-1.0 Sugarcane4.3- Fruits3.9- Plantation3.0- Total27.042.569.5 Micro irrigation potential, Mha SCOPE AND STATUS OF MICROIRRIGATION IN INDIA
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DripSprinklerTotal Cereals-27.6 Pulses-7.6 Oil seeds3.81.14.9 Cotton7.01.88.8 Vegetables3.62.46.0 Spices1.41.02.4 Flowers-1.0 Sugarcane4.3- Fruits3.9- Plantation3.0- Total27.042.569.5 Micro irrigation potential, Mha PFDCs SCOPE AND STATUS OF MICROIRRIGATION IN INDIA Govt initiatives Subsidy +
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DripSprinklerTotal Cereals-27.6 Pulses-7.6 Oil seeds3.81.14.9 Cotton7.01.88.8 Vegetables3.62.46.0 Spices1.41.02.4 Flowers-1.0 Sugarcane4.3- Fruits3.9- Plantation3.0- Total27.042.569.5 Micro irrigation potential, Mha PFDCs SCOPE AND STATUS OF MICROIRRIGATION IN INDIA Govt initiatives Subsidy +
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MICROIRRIGATION IN CANAL COMMANDS (Options) Direct take off from canal
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MICROIRRIGATION IN CANAL COMMANDS (Options) Direct take off from canal Through balancing reservoirs
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MICROIRRIGATION IN CANAL COMMANDS (Options) Direct take off from canal Through balancing reservoirs Coupled with solar pumping
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MICROIRRIGATION IN CANAL COMMANDS (Options) Direct take off from canal Through balancing reservoirs Coupled with solar pumping Gravity systems on elevated canals
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MICROIRRIGATION IN HILLS / DESERTS Return period 5 yr SPV 64% of Diesel PS in 10 yr
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Small farmers success stories
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tbsraj@iari.res.in
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