1. ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM D. C. Mikulecky Professor of Physiology

2. COMPUTERS VS BRAINS

3. ORGANIZATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM BRAIN SPINAL CORD CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AFFERENT NERVES EFFERENT NERVES EXTERO- RECEPTORS INTERO- RECEPTORS SOMATICAUTONOMIC EFFECTOR ORGANS SKELETAL MUSCLES SMOOTH AND CARDIAC MUSCLES AND GLANDS

4. THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM CONSISTS OF THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD BRAINSTEM: MIDBRAIN PONS MEDULLA FOREBRAIN: CORTEX THALAMUS AND HYPOTHALAMUS BASIL GANGLIA SPINAL CORD

5. MAJOR DIVISIONS OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX FRONTAL LOBE PARIETAL LOBE OCCIPITAL LOBE TEMPORAL LOBE

7. BRAIN VESSICLES FIRST AND SECOND (LATERAL):PRIMARY MOTOR AND SENSORY CORTEX,LIMBIC SYSTEM, BASAL GANGLIA THIRD:THALMUS AND HYPOTHALMUS FOURTH:CAUDAL BRAIN STEM AND CEREBELLUM

8. BRAIN VESSICLES FRONT SIDE III LV III IV LV IV

9. MAINTENANCE AND PROTECTION OF THE CNS Glial Cells: physical and metabolic support Skull and Spinal Column Cerebrospinal fluid Blood-brain barrier

10. GLIAL CELLS OR NEUROGLIA : PHYSICAL AND METABOLIC SUPPORT 90% OF CELLS IN BRAIN FOUR TYPES: ASTROCYTES, OLIGODENDROCYTES, EPENDYMAL CELLS, AND MICROGLIA

11. Skull and Spinal Column PROVIDE MECHANICAL SUPPORT PROTECTS THE NEURAL AND SUPPORTING TISSUE

12. CEREBROSPINAL FLUID DENSITY IS THE SAME AS BRAIN SHOCK ABSORBER

13. Blood-brain barrier LIMITS ACCESS OF BLOOD MATERIALS TO BRAIN TISSUE PROTECTS BRAIN FROM FLUCTUATIONS IN BLOOD LEVELS

14. WHITE AND GRAY GRAY MATTER - MAINLY CELL BODIES WHITE MATTER - MYELINATED AXONS

15. BASAL GANGLIA PLAY A COMPLEX ROLE IN THE CONTROL OF MOVEMENT INHIBIT MUSCLE TONE THROUGHOUT BODY SUPPRESS USELESS OR UNWANTED PATTERNS OF MOVEMENT

16. THALAMUS RELAY STATION HELP US DIRECT OUR ATTENTION FILTERS OUT INSIGNIFICANT SIGNALS

17. HYPOTHALAMUS REGULATES HOMEOSTATIC FUNCTIONS THIRST AND URINE OUTPUT FOOD INTAKE HORMONE SECRETION BODY TEMPERATURE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM’S COORDINATING CENTER

18. LIMBIC SYSTEM AMYGDALA HIPPOCAMPUS CORPUS CALLOSUM FORNIX CINGULATE GYRUS

19. LIMBIC SYSTEM COMPLEX NETWORK OF FOREBRAIN STRUCTURES EMOTIONS BASIC SURVIVAL SOCIOSEXUAL BEHAVIOR MOTIVATION LEARNING

20. THE SPINAL CORD IN SOMATIC SENSORY FUNCTION WHITE AND GREY MATTER SEGMENTAL ORGANIZATION

21. SPINAL CORD DORSAL HORN GRAY MATTER DORSAL VENTRAL SPINAL NERVE DORSAL ROOT GANGLION VENTRAL HORN WHITE MATTER LATERAL

22. TOUCH AND PRESSURE DORSAL COLUMN PATHWAY INCOMONG SENSORY NERVE TRAVELS UPWARD IN THE DORSAL COLUMN AND SYNAPSES IN THE DORSAL COLUMN NUCLEUS

23. PAIN AND TEMPERATURE ANTEROLATERAL PATHWAY

24. SEGMENTAL STRUCTURE OF SPINAL NERVES DERMATOMES

26. THE THALAMUS IN SOMATIC SENSATION MAJOR SITE FOR RECEIVING SENSORY INFORMATION VENTRAL POSTERIOR LATERAL NUCLEUS (VPL) SENDS SENSORY INFORMATION TO THE CORTEX

27. THE THALAMUS IN SOMATIC SENSATION DORSAL COLUMN MEDULLA MEDIAL LEMNISCUS SENSORY NEOCORTEX DORSAL COLUMN NUCLEI

28. SOMATOTOPIC ORGANIZATION OF THE SENSORY CORTEX

29. THE SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX

30. CORTICAL AREAS INVOVED IN MOTOR CONTROL

31. SOMATOTOPIC ORGANIZATION OF THE MOTOR CORTEX

32. MOTIVATIONAL SYSTEMS HUNGER THIRST SEXUAL BEHAVIOR

33. HUNGER LACK OF FOOD REDUCED AVAILABILITY OF GLUCOSE CONTRACTIONS OF EMPTY STOMACH LOW TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS IN FAT CELLS GLUCOSE RECEPTORS IN HYPOTHALAMUS MECHANO- RECEPTORS IN STOMACH PANCREAS HUNGER

34. THIRST WATER DEFICIENCY OSMORECEPTORS IN SUPRAOPTIC AND SUPRA- VENTRICULAR NUCLEI OF HYPOTHALAMUS THIRST ADH SERETION BY PITUITARY WATER RETENTION BY KIDNEY

35. SEXUAL BEHAVIOR ANTERIOR HYPOTHALAMUS ORGANIZES RESPONSES TO PHERMONES OLIFACTORY CUES SENT TO PYRIFORM CORTEX AND AMYGDALA AND INDIRECTLY TO HYPOTHALAMUS ANDROGENS DETERMINE RELEASE OF LEUTINIZING HORMONE- CONSTANT OR CYCLIC