1. Infrastruktur för förnybar energi hur stor blir omställningen och vad krävs för att facilitera den? Mikael Odenberger Affiliation: Chalmers University of Technology Energy and Environment, Division of Energy Technology Sweden

3. Example: Germany load from transmission system Source: TenneT, web

4. Example: Germany load from transmission system Source: TenneT, web

5. Large scale introduction of intermittent power - possibilities Supply Demand Load Variable generation Regulated/Dispatchable Transmission Balance Trade Storage DSM

6. Key considerations Demand response – load shifting, load shedding… Trade between regions – Bottle necks and nested networks Distribution system and transmission system – Energy exports and/or balancing Linking sectors – Poly generation, Bio-refineries, EVs and PHEVs... Market design – “Low” electricity prices (RES support) vs High prices (ban of fossil) – Decreasing load hours thermal power plants What future? – Sweden/Nordic vs EU/Global

7. The future for Sweden and the Nordic region depend on others NEPP, 2012 Export/Import to continental Europe (Exchange with Russia not included)

8. Example EU-27 (+Norway & Switzerland) (cf. Energy Roadmap 2050 “High Energy Efficiency”–scenario) 40% CO 2 reduction by 2020 & 99% by 2050 relative 1990 Existing power plants

9. Nordic region