1. A RTICLES OF CONFEDERATION

2. N EED FOR ARTICLES 1. Colonies needed unification after Rev. War in 1776. 2. Individual colonial governments fought over things like money and trade. 3. Leadership for the colonies was needed for international relationships.

3. W EAKNESS OF ARTICLES 1781-1786 1. Only one vote for each state, regardless of size. 2. No federal taxes. 3. No federal control over trade.

4. W EAKNESS CONT. 4. No Leader. 5. No National Court. 6. 13/13 approval for amendments. 7. 9/13 approval for laws. 8. Only formed a “Friendship” between the states.

5. P LANS /C OMPROMISES New country needed a stronger central gov’t to unite all the states. The Virginia Plan 1787: 3 branches of gov’t, reps based on pop., and a bicameral house/senate.

6. C ONT. New Jersey Plan- Unicameral Congress. Representation was one vote for each state regardless of size. Multiple leaders, not one president.

7. C ONNECTICUT Combined the Virginia and New Jersey plan. The Congress will be two houses- Senate and House of Reps. The Senate will have equal representation for all states, 2. The House of Reps will be based on size.

8. 3/5 TH C OMPROMISE Southern states wanted slaves to count for their pop. Northerners disagreed, but settled that every slave count as 3/5ths of a person for rep. purposes. This ended in 1865.

9. C OMMERCE AND SLAVE TRADE Southern states insisted on protection in the Constitution for their evil enterprise. (Exporting tobacco w/slave labor) They promised to vote yes if Congress couldn’t tax their exports or interfere w/ slave trade until 1808.