1. A New Plan of Government Chapter 3, Section 3 Pages 202-207

2. Vocabulary  Checks and Balances: a system where the 3 branches of gov’t limit the powers of the others  Antifederalists: feared oppression more than disorder  Enlightenment: promoted knowledge, science and reason as way to improve society  Depression: a period when economic activity slows and unemployment increases  John Locke: believed all people have rights to life, liberty and property  Legislative branch: lawmaking branch of the gov’t  Bill of Rights: not included in the constitution until it was ratified  Federalists: supporters of the Constitution

3. Roots of the Constitution  What Enlightenment Ideas did the framers of the Constitution draw upon?  Who had the idea of dividing the gov’t into three branches?  The Enlightenment Promoted reason and science to improve society Natural rights and balance of power  John Locke “all people have a right to life, liberty and property.”  Montesquieu Declared the powers of gov’t be separated

4. The Federal System  What are the 3 branches of gov’t?  Federalism Sharing power between the federal and state gov’t  Legislative Branch Lawmaking branch  Executive Branch Served as check for Congress President, vice-president  Judicial Branch Court system  Checks and Balances No single branch can dominate the gov’t

5. The Debate over Ratification  What was a major reason for resistance to ratification?  Anti-federalists Wanted a Bill of Rights for States Did not want to lose individual freedom  Federalists Feared disorder without a strong central gov’t (like Shay’s Rebellion)  Adopting the Constitution Bill of Rights added