2. SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION WORLD HISTORY MR. FINELLE

3. BELIEFS DURING THE MIDDLE AGES SCHOLARS BELIEVED ACCEPTED WHAT WAS TRUE OR FALSE BY REFERRING TO ANCIENT GREEK OR ROMAN AUTHORS OR THE BIBLE.

4. ARISTOTLE AND THE CHURCH SAID THAT THE EARTH WAS THE CENTER OF THE UNIVERSE AND ALL OF THE PLANETS MOVE AROUND THE EARTH INCLUDING THE SUN. SCHOLARS IN THE MID 1500’S BEGAN TO CHALLENGE THIS IDEA AND CREATED NEW THEORIES. THIS STARTED WHAT BECAME KNOWN AS THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION.

5. THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION WAS ALL ABOUT OBSERVATION AND QUESTIONING ACCEPTED BELIEFS.

6. WHAT FUELED THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION? THE AGE OF EXPLORATION – NAVIGATORS NEEDED BETTER INSTRUMENTS AND GEOGRAPHICAL MEASUREMENTS. AS EUROPEANS WERE EXPLORING THEY MET PEOPLES AND ANIMALS PREVIOUSLY NOT KNOWN TO EXIST. THESE DISCOVERIES OPENED EUROPEANS TO THE IDEA THAT THERE WERE NEW TRUTHS TO BE FOUND.

7. COPERNICUS STUDIED PLANETARY MOVEMENTS FOR OVER 25 YEARS AND DEVELOPED THE IDEA THAT THE PLANETS ROTATE AROUND THE SUN. WAITED TO PUBLISH HIS THEORY UNTIL RIGHT BEFORE HE DIED. HE THOUGHT MOST SCHOLARS AND CLERGY WOULD REJECT HIS THEORY BECAUSE IT CONTRADICTED THEIR RELIGIOUS VIEWS.

8. GALILEO BUILT A TELESCOPE TO STUDY THE UNIVERSE. HE MADE OBSERVATIONS AND CAME TO THE CONCLUSION THAT COPERNICUS WAS CORRECT. GALILEO’S OBSERVATIONS SCARED THE CATHOLIC AND PROTESTANT CHURCHES BECAUSE IT WENT AGAINST THE CHURCHES’ TEACHINGS.

9. GALILEO IF PEOPLE THOUGHT THE CHURCH COULD BE WRONG ABOUT THIS, THEY COULD QUESTION OTHER CHURCH TEACHINGS AS WELL. 1632 GALILEO PUBLISHED A BOOK IN WHICH HE SUPPORTED COPERNICUS’ THEORY.

10. GALILEO THE POPE SUMMONED GALILEO TO ROME AND UNDER THE THREAT OF TORTURE, HE READ A SIGNED CONFESSION WHERE HE STATED THAT COPERNICUS WAS WRONG. GALILEO LIVED THE REST OF HIS LIFE UNDER HOUSE ARREST AND THE CATHOLIC CHURCH DID NOT OFFICIALLY ACKNOWLEDGE THAT GALILEO WAS RIGHT UNTIL 1992!

11. SCIENTIFIC METHOD THIS REVOLUTION IN SCIENTIFIC THINKING BECAME KNOWN AS THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD.

12. SCIENTIFIC METHOD STEP 1 – DEVELOP A QUESTION BASED OFF AN OBSERVATION

13. SCIENTIFIC METHOD STEP 2 – FORM A HYPOTHESIS (WHAT YOU THINK THE ANSWER TO YOUR QUESTION WILL BE)

14. SCIENTIFIC METHOD STEP 3 – PREFORM AN EXPERIMENT TO TEST THE HYPOTHESIS AND COLLECT DATA

15. SCIENTIFIC METHOD STEP 4 – INTERPRET THE DATA TO EITHER CONFIRM OR DISPROVE YOUR HYPOTHESIS

16. ISAAC NEWTON DEVELOPED THE LAW OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION. THE LAW STATES THAT EVERY OBJECT IN THE UNIVERSE ATTRACTS EVERY OTHER OBJECT. THE DEGREE OF ATTRACTION DEPENDS ON THE MASS OF THE OBJECTS AND THE DISTANCE BETWEEN THEM.

17. ISAAC NEWTON WROTE ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT SCIENTIFIC BOOKS EVER TITLED THE MATHEMATICAL PRINCIPLES OF NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. NEWTON DESCRIBED THE UNIVERSE AS A GIANT CLOCK AND ALL OF ITS PARTS WORKED TOGETHER PERFECTLY IN WAYS THAT CAN BE EXPRESSED MATHEMATICALLY. NEWTON CALLED GOD THE CLOCKMAKER WHO SET EVERYTHING INTO MOTION.

18. INVENTIONS DURING THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION THE FIRST MICROSCOPE USED TO SEE BACTERIA AND RED BLOOD CELLS FOR THE FIRST TIME

19. INVENTIONS DURING THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION MERCURY BAROMETER – USED TO MEASURE ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE AND PREDICTING WEATHER

20. INVENTIONS DURING THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION GABRIEL FAHRENHEIT USE MERCURY IN GLASS TO CREATE A THERMOMETER. HIS THERMOMETER SHOWED FREEZING AT 32 DEGREES. ANDERS CELSIUS CREATED ANOTHER SCALE FOR THE MERCURY THERMOMETER THAT SHOWED FREEZING AT 0 DEGREES.

21. MEDICINE AND THE HUMAN BODY DURING THE MIDDLE AGES DOCTORS DISSECTED PIGS AND OTHER ANIMALS TO DRAW CONCLUSIONS ABOUT HUMAN ANATOMY. ANDREAS VESALIUS DISSECTED HUMAN CORPSES AND PUBLISHED A BOOK CALLED ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE HUMAN BODY WHICH DEPICTED DETAILED DRAWINGS OF HUMAN ORGANS, BONES AND MUSCLE.

22. INVENTIONS DURING THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION EDWARD JENNER USED LIVE GERMS FROM A DISEASE CALLED COWPOX THAT AFFECTED CATTLE TO CREATE THE FIRST VACCINATION FOR SMALLPOX.