1. THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Main Function: Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood, air & tissues

2. NOSE & MOUTH 1. Entryway for air 2. Nasal hairs filter air 3. Warm air before it travels to lungs

3. PHARYNX 1.Throat region; 2.Common pathway for air and food

4. EPIGLOTTIS Flap that closes off the trachea when swallowing to prevent choking up down Animated web link tutorial

5. LARYNX 1.also called Voice box or Adam's apple; 2.contains vocal cords

6. TRACHEA 1.Also called the windpipe; 2.tube that carries air to lungs; 3.lined with cartilage rings to keep the trachea open

7. BRONCHI & BRONCHIOLES 1.Bronchi :Two smaller tubes that Branch off from trachea into each lung 2.Bronchioles: smaller tubes that branch out further into lung

8. ALVEOLI Small air sacs responsible for exchanging gases with the blood

9. LUNGS 1.Have large surface area for gas exchange 2.Right lung has three lobes; left lung has only two lobes (heart takes up space on left side) HEALTHY LUNG EMPHYSEMA LUNG CANCER

10. DIAPHRAGM 1.Muscular sheet under lungs that moves down as it contracts to bring air into the lung (INHALATION) 2.Air moves out of lung as diaphragm relaxes and moves upward (EXHALATION)

11. NOSE EPIGLOTTIS LARYNX BRONCHIOLES ALVEOLI TRACHEA DIAPHRAGM PHARYNX BRONCHI MOUTH LUNGS

12. MECHANICS OF BREATHING Tutorial Web link

13. How Breathing is Controlled 1. Can somewhat control breathing 2. When you do not have enough oxygen, your chest begins to feel tight & throat burns 3. Medulla oblongata causes muscles in diaphragm & chest to contract & force air into lungs 4. Cells in medulla oblongata sense the CO 2 content; when it is too high, it will cause you to inhale